播种机测种测肥的设计

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1、东北农业大学学士学位论文 学号：A07060355播种机测种测肥装置的设计播种机测种测肥装置的设计学生姓名：刘佳男指导教师：欧阳斌林所在院系：工程学院电气工程系所学专业：农业电气化与自动化研究方向：地方电力系统自动化东 北 农 业 大 学中国哈尔滨2011 年 5 月播种机测种测肥的设计IB.A. Degree Dissertation Northeast Agricultural University No. A07060355The design of measuring seeds and fertilizerof the seederStudent: Liu JiananSupervi

2、sor: OuYang BinlinDepartment: College of EngineeringElectrical EngineeringSpecialty: Agricultural Electrization and AutomatizationDirection: Local Power System AutomationNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChinaMay,2011播种机测种测肥的设计I摘要本设计主要解决的问题是精确播种机播种数量及土壤测肥，准确的控制播种速度， 和控制土壤肥度，使之达到预定的要求。 本设计制作了一种智

3、播种数量测控系统。该系统采用 PC 机作为主机，以 AT89C51 单片机作为智能节点控制器，构成一个分布式的主从局域控制网。本系统采 用精度比较高的红外线光电传感器实现对播种数量的测量，用永磁电机拖动、控制播 种数量，实现播种数量的自动调节，使播种变得更加方便和精确。 经实践证明，该系统测量误差小，性能稳定，结构合理，适合在实际应用中推广。关键词：关键词：数量检测；自动调节；播种监控；串行通信；红外线光电传感器。播种机测种测肥的设计IIAbstractThe problem that main solution of this design is accurate to monitor th

4、e drops speed, and, on time the drop of accurate adjustment point is flat-out, and make it attain the pre- arranged request, be liquid height in the bottle to attain 2 3 cm, can immediately report to the police, remind the medical personnel change the medicine or pull out the pinhead in the time. Th

5、is design manufactured an intelligent speed control system for transfusion. The equipment use PC by way of host computer, AT89C51 micro-controller by way of node controller, composes a distributed local control network. The system could detect the drops and the location of liquid through the transfe

6、r line with accurate infrared optic-electric detects. Control the height of bottle with an synchronous electromotor, realization transfusion speed automatic adjustment, made transfusion become more convenient and safety. It was measured by fulfillment proof that the error margin of the system is sma

7、ll, function stability, the construction is reasonable, suit at physically applied inside expansion.Keyword: Speed measuring, Automatic adjustment, Transfusion control, Serial communication, infrared optic-electric detects technique. 播种机测种测肥的设计I目录摘 要.I Abstract.II 1 前言 .1 1.1 研究的目的和意义 .1 1.2 国内外播种机及

8、其测种测肥研究动态 .1 1.3 设计研究的主要内容 .2 1.4 设计研究的预期效果 .2 2 系统设计 .3 2.1 总体设计 .3 2.1.1 系统框图 .3 2.1.2 模块说明 .3 2.2 各模块设计原理 .4 2.2.1 光电传感器及整形电路 .4 2.2.2 报警电路 .5 2.2.3 键盘控制与显示 .5 2.2.4 RS-232C .7 2.2.5 80C51 单片机的引脚功能.8 3 软件设计 .11 3.1 上位机软件 .11 3.2 下位机软件 .11 4 播种排种器 .13 4.1 排种器的技术要求 .13 4.2 测种传感器 .13 4.2.1 工作原理 .14 4.2.2 控制装置硬件设计 .14 4.2.3 数据输入部分 .