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1、期末总复习之 语法篇 第一部分第一部分现在完成时现在完成时 （1）现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话 人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。 （2）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的 状语连用，如 recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet 等。如： I havent he
2、ard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday. （3）现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作. We have had four texts this semester. havehave beenbeen toto 和和 havehave gonegone toto 的区别的区别have bee
3、n to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）have gone to 主要强调的是“去了”，现在人不在说话的现场，如：-Wheres your mother? -你妈妈在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去医院了。题目：1. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. b
4、een to2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been题目练习：1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)His uncle _ posted the photos to him _. 3. -Ann
5、 has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have(一)当句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before 等时，常用现在完成时。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but
6、 I cant remember where I_A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed(二)当句中有“for +段时间“或“since +点时间“等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延 续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. sinc
7、e D. for2. Tom_the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard4. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)_more than ten years _Susan _to this city. 第二
8、部分第二部分疑问词疑问词+ +动词不定式动词不定式 一、动词不定式作主语1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans 2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning 3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover. 4. Its very nice _ you to get me tw
9、o tickets _ the World Cup. A. for，of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to（ 二、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school. A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking 3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B
10、. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep 三、动词不定式作宾语补足语1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with 2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food. A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked 四、动词不定
11、式作状语1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing 2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns 3. Im sorry _ that. A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear 4. Im sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. trou
12、bled） 5. The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.（改为意思相同的句子）The hole _ _ _ _ such a fat panda to go through. 6. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. （改为意思 相同的句子）The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _.第三部分第三部分mustmust 和和 havehave toto (一一)must “必须必须
13、”、 “应该应该”的用法的用法: 1.must 表示表示“必须必须”、 “应该应该”。 2.must 的否定形式的否定形式 must not 表示表示“不应该不应该”、 “禁止禁止”、 “不准不准”。语气比较强烈。语气比较强烈。 3.在回答在回答 must 的问句时，肯定形式用的问句时，肯定形式用 must 来回答，但否定形式用来回答，但否定形式用 neednt 或或 dont have to 来回答。而不用来回答。而不用 mustnt 来回答。来回答。例如：Must I be home before 8 oclock?(8 点之前我必须回家吗？)Yes, you must. （是，你必须。
14、） No, you neednt./No, you dont have to. （不，你不必。 ） （二）（二）have to 表示表示“必须必须”、 “不得不不得不”，例如：He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days.(他必须卧床休息三四天。 ） We will have to get up early tomorrow.（明天我们必须早起。 ） must 表示的是说话人的主观看法，而表示的是说话人的主观看法，而 have to 则表示的是客观需要。则表示的是客观需要。1.-Must I do it now? -No, you _.A. neednt B. d
15、ont have to C. mustnt D. A or B 2.Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _be here at any time. A. must B. need C should D can. 3.-When can I come for these photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They _be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 4.They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to 5, -Could
