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1、南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 God helps those who help themselves. 专题十一专题十一 从句从句 一、名词性从句 I know something. I am right. I know that I am right 二、定语从句（形容词从句） My father is a man. He always keeps his words. My father is a man who always keeps his words. 三、状语从句（副词从句） He works hard He is in need of money He works ha
2、rd because he is in need of money. 定定 状状 补补 定语修饰名词、代词。把它看成形容词，加“的”就行。 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词。把它看成副词，加“地”就行。 补语当你看到两个宾语，如果宾语 A 与 B 有逻辑上的主谓关系，其中一个就是宾补。否则就是 双宾。 They call him Ding Hao. “他”就是“丁皓”，有逻辑上的主谓关系丁皓是他的宾补 I give him a book. “他”不是“书”，没有逻辑上的主谓关系双宾 能带双宾的动词很少，一般都表示“给予”之类的意思。 定语从句定语从句 一、定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到
3、定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。 二、示例 I have a pretty wife. I have a wife whothat is pretty. I have a big house. 第 1 页，共 14 页南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 God helps those who help themselves. I have a house thatwhich is big 三、关系代词做句子成分 That which who whom whose as 关系副词不做句子成分 Where(job field situation case) when why 四、什么是成分？ 主语
4、+谓语 I work. I sleep （不及物） 主语+系动词+表语 John is busy. I am Joy 主语+谓语+宾语 she studies English. I see you 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 Time would prove me right 主语+谓语+宾语 1+宾语 2 my mother made me a new dress. 五、例： This is BJ_ is beautiful. This is BJ_ I visited. This is BJ_ I lived. There is a house_roof is broken. 横线后是谓
5、语，那么明显做主语 谓语(及物）后横线，缺宾语 六、做主语，形容物that which 做主语，形容人that who 做宾语，形容物that which 不填 做宾语，形容人that whom 不填 七、特殊情况 不用 that 的情况 1、_ , whichwhowhom (非限定性） 第 2 页，共 14 页南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 God helps those who help themselves. 2、in（介词）+whichwhom 介词后不用 只能用 that 的情况 1、修饰词（only very the best the first)+先行词+that 2、不
6、定代词（something nobody all)+that 3、先行词（人+物）+that 八、as 的用法 As 正如.一样 Such.as The same.as As is known to us all My hometown is no longer the same_it used to be(及物） 练习练习 1 This is the best hotel in the city_i know Ait Bwhere Cthat Dwhich 2 I have read all the books_are borrowed from library Athey Bwhich C
7、 Dthat 3 Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn Ait Bwhich C Dthat 4 We talked about the books and writers_we know Awhich Bwho Cwhom Dthat 5 I hope to get such a dictionary_is using Athat Bwhich C Das 6 He told us all_he knew about computer Athat Bwhich 7 Mary was much kinder to jack than she was to
8、 the others,_, of course, make all the others upset. Awho Bwhich Cwhat Dthat 8 Children who are not active or _diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 第 3 页，共 14 页南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 God helps those who help themselves. Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat 9 -What do you think of teaching,Bob? -I find it
9、fun and challenging. It is a job_ you are doing something serious but interesting A where B which C when D that 10 We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy. A that B which C what D whom 11 Women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having
10、 heart disease than whose _dont. A who ;不填 B 不填；who C who; who D 不填； 不填 12 I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault A who B that C as D what 13 As a child, jack studied in a village school,_is named after his grandfather. Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Dthat 14 My friend showed me ro
11、und the town, _was very kind of him. Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dit 15 She brought with her three friends, none of_i had ever met before. Athem Bwho Cwhom Dthese 16 Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 名词性从句名词性从句 一 定义 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词
12、性从句的功能相当于名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 词义 成分 That 无 不充当成分 If whether 是否 不充当成分 第 4 页，共 14 页南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 God helps those who help themselves. Who 谁 主 Whom 谁 宾 What 什么 主 宾 表 定 which 哪一个 定 whose 谁的 定 when 何时 补语 where 何地 Why 为何 How 如何 二 主语从句主语从句 What
13、he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 三三. 宾语从句宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的
14、宾语从句 由连接词 that 引导宾语从句时，that 在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的 that 不可省。例如： He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 注意：注意：在 demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command 等表示要求、命令、建议、 决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如： I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。 2. 用用 who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever 等关联词引导的 宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。等关联词引导的 宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。 例如：例如： I want to know what
