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1、20142014 考研英语一真题及解析考研英语一真题及解析( (行东方版行东方版)5)5Text 4“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regre
2、ttably, however, the reports failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences asking that it identify actions that could be taken
3、by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others“ to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.“In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Scie
4、nces, with Duke University President Richard Brodhead and retired Exelon CEO John Rowe as co-chairmen. Among the commissions 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalis
5、m.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new dig
6、ital technologies.To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement o
7、f scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.One of the more novel ideas in the report is the creation of a “Culture Corps“ in cities and t
8、own across America to “transmit humanistic and social scientific expertise from one generation to the next.“Unfortunately, despite 2? years in the making, “The Heart of the Matter“ never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universiti
9、es.The commission ignores that for several decades Americas colleges and universities have produced graduates who dont know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the hu
10、manities and social sciences as vehicles for disseminating “progressive,“ or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideassuch a
11、s free markets, self-reliance and a distrust of central planningas falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of t
12、he challenge that congress asked it to illuminate.36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the authors attitude toward the AAASs report?A CriticalB AppreciativeC ContemptuousD Tolerant本篇文章选自华尔街日报。主要讲的是非自由教育以及”问题核心”这个报告。答案解析：36.选 A，该题是细节态度题。并非考察全文的态度，也就是说要细节定位。根据题干定位原则，定位第一段 AAAS 出现之处，并且一定要找到表示评价的部分。该题迷
13、惑性很强，因为文章在 AAAS 后面就又”praise”所以容易误导大家选择答案 B “appreciative(欣赏的)” ，但是我们应该看到有 however，我们知道如果第一段出现转折，那此转折一定跟主旨有关。同时各个题都与主旨相关，所以这道题应该于主旨相关，后文中的“may cause more harm than good.”让我们知道它的还多余利，所以答案选择A，批判性的。37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how toA retain peoples interest i
14、n liberal educationB define the governments role in educationC keep a leading position in liberal educationD safeguard individuals rights to education37，选 C，细节题。根据自然段定位原则，36 题在第一段出题，38 题在第三段出题，那 37 题在第二段出题的可能性就很大。同时题干定位”Influential figures in the Congress”与“leading congressional Democrats and Republ
15、icans”同义替换。定位的答案是 asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and ., individual benefactors and others“ to “asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others
16、“ to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education. “In humanities and social scientific scholarship and education. “也就是说答案重点在 maintain national excellence 刚好与选项 C 中的 leading position 进行同义替换。ABD 与文章不符合。38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggestsA an exclusive study of American historyB a greater emphasis on theoretical subjectsC the application of emerging technologiesD funding for the study of foreign langu
