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1、 国家地理国家地理. .伟大工程巡礼系列伟大工程巡礼系列 E76.E76.南极科考站南极科考站 100:00:00,000 00:00:01,869摘订 时间轴调整 校对:jerry36200:00:01,869 00:00:04,137南极300:00:04,238 00:00:09,610气温可降至摄氏零下 75 度以下400:00:09,743 00:00:11,345这里所下的雪500:00:11,478 00:00:13,447从不融化600:00:13,547 00:00:18,185此地堪称地球环境最恶劣的地点700:00:19,386 00:00:21,388然而有人却打算在这
2、里800:00:21,455 00:00:25,826兴建人类有史以来最大胆的建筑之一900:00:25,959 00:00:28,462一座独一无二的建筑1000:00:28,595 00:00:32,099一座 21 世纪的研究中心1100:00:32,199 00:00:36,336这是一件庞大的工程南极研究站1200:00:44,711 00:00:47,147伟大工程巡礼：南极研究站1300:00:48,050 00:00:54,756工地大清早就碰上一大堆问题1400:00:57,259 00:00:59,195推土机怎么都发动不了1500:00:59,295 00:01:02,6
3、98起重机也宣告罢工1600:01:04,798 00:01:08,402这些例行事故可能发生在世界各地1700:01:08,502 00:01:11,505但这个地方与众不同1800:01:12,506 00:01:14,508这里是南极洲的正中央1900:01:14,541 00:01:19,112一个超大建筑的施工团队挑战一项看似不可能的任务2000:01:20,314 00:01:22,082他们在这片冰封的荒原2100:01:22,149 00:01:28,155打造一座高科技科学设施占地 1 万 5 千平方米2200:01:28,289 00:01:29,990如果施工团队成功了2
4、300:01:30,091 00:01:34,395此地将是全球最先进的研究中心2400:01:34,528 00:01:37,498但他们面临极大的困难2500:01:37,565 00:01:41,836数百名工人必须熬得住南极酷寒的气温2600:01:44,902 00:01:49,976超过 1100 万公斤的建材必须靠空运送来2700:01:50,277 00:01:53,914他们每年只能在户外工作 110 天2800:01:54,048 00:01:57,752也就是南极洲的夏季2900:01:57,852 00:01:59,520南极冬天时连续数月一片漆黑3000:01:59,
5、620 00:02:03,724所有户外作业工作必须暂停3100:02:05,726 00:02:06,961这庞大的工程3200:02:07,061 00:02:13,734是美国政府的国家科学基金会的构想3300:02:14,334 00:02:17,638规划和施工团队已经进行了十几年3400:02:17,738 00:02:22,476但建筑物必须在本季落成3500:02:22,543 00:02:27,614施工团队必须在 100 多天内完成剩余的三座侧翼3600:02:27,714 00:02:29,484在人员正式进驻研究站前3700:02:29,584 00:02:33,021
6、每个元素都必须经过严格检查3800:02:33,121 00:02:36,858证明符合美国建筑及安全法规3900:02:37,859 00:02:42,130国家科学基金会的检查人员再过三个多月就来了4000:02:42,230 00:02:45,500施工团队决定做好万全准备4100:02:46,801 00:02:50,004万一失败新侧翼无法启用4200:02:50,104 00:02:54,342研究站也得拖到明年夏天才能完工4300:02:54,475 00:02:58,479让工程延宕一年甚至更久4400:03:00,814 00:03:03,217国家科学基金会的专案经理杰瑞马
7、蒂4500:03:03,317 00:03:06,587和承包商的工地主任卡尔顿沃克4600:03:06,720 00:03:08,589都承受莫大压力4700:03:10,722 00:03:13,459眼前只有一项任务最重要4800:03:13,559 00:03:17,896马上让推土机和起重机动起来4900:03:18,997 00:03:20,199这些机器没有故障5000:03:20,299 00:03:21,768只不过是结冰了5100:03:21,835 00:03:26,573但南极夏季的正常温度都在摄氏零下 30 度左右5200:03:26,707 00:03:30,878
8、这种问题不是第一次发生5300:03:30,978 00:03:33,780起重机罢工导致工程延宕5400:03:33,881 00:03:38,218害得这个与众不同的工地停摆5500:03:38,352 00:03:41,355这里的海拔是 3000 米5600:03:41,455 00:03:45,592最近的城市在将近 1600 公里外5700:03:45,692 00:03:48,095围绕这座钢铁超大结构的是5800:03:48,228 00:03:53,9011400 多万平方米冰雪5900:03:53,902 00:03:56,838当初为何要在这里盖研究站？6000:03:5
9、7,938 00:04:01,308对科学家而言答案很明显6100:04:01,441 00:04:03,744南极的特殊环境提供了6200:04:03,877 00:04:08,615地球上绝无仅有的机会6300:04:09,450 00:04:10,385对天文学家而言6400:04:10,451 00:04:13,721纯净的大气层和座落在地轴上的位置6500:04:13,821 00:04:18,459使其成为观测天象的完美地点6600:04:19,593 00:04:21,028对物理学家来说6700:04:21,161 00:04:22,296终年不化的冰层6800:04:22,3
10、96 00:04:25,832让他们得意研究神秘的次原子粒子6900:04:25,933 00:04:29,437或许能看出宇宙混沌初期的原貌7000:04:29,537 00:04:32,640与世隔绝的地理位置7100:04:32,740 00:04:34,577加上出现过好几次历史上最低气温7200:04:34,644 00:04:39,115南极洲最适合研究人类对气候造成的冲击7300:04:39,182 00:04:43,186但科学家要在南极工作就得在这儿住下来7400:04:43,320 00:04:47,624于是需要一个独特的建筑群7500:04:51,191 00:04:5
11、7,030南极研究站将能解决大约 150 人的食宿问题7600:04:57,097 00:05:00,568这座新建筑将有自备的发电厂以及燃料贮存设施7700:05:00,701 00:05:02,670食堂7800:05:02,770 00:05:05,339某些最先进的科学所需的设施和实验室7900:05:05,439 00:05:11,846将散落在至少 3 平方米的面积上8000:05:11,979 00:05:14,181一座净水处理厂8100:05:14,781 00:05:17,317一所非常先进的气候研究中心8200:05:18,417 00:05:20,786一座巨大的活动钻
12、机8300:05:20,853 00:05:26,592一架用来寻找有关宇宙起源线索的无线电望远镜8400:05:27,994 00:05:31,397但在这个酷寒的环境兴建一个庞大的科学建筑群8500:05:31,497 00:05:33,933需要的可不是泛泛之辈8600:05:34,701 00:05:36,836对有 10 年经验的卡尔顿而言8700:05:36,970 00:05:40,073重大挑战早已是家常便饭8800:05:40,073 00:05:43,37794、95 年开始讨论这个计划时8900:05:43,477 00:05:45,612我们把设计图画在餐巾背面9000
13、:05:45,679 00:05:48,916对他和杰瑞而言这份工作是全年无休的9100:05:49,016 00:05:51,251我们不分淡、旺季都一起工作9200:05:51,385 00:05:52,586把计划归整起来9300:05:52,719 00:05:55,122确定所有的钢材和镶板9400:05:55,222 00:05:56,490都准时抵达9500:05:56,590 00:06:00,093杰瑞和卡尔顿都知道验收期迫在眉睫9600:06:00,227 00:06:03,130但工地上却离奇地安静9700:06:03,230 00:06:08,202少了起重机根本无法搭
14、建钢构架9800:06:09,336 00:06:13,106但重装操作员想出一个办法9900:06:14,508 00:06:19,313他们找来特制的瓦斯暖炉为引擎加温10000:06:21,051 00:06:22,519碰上这种酷寒的天气10100:06:22,586 00:06:26,056只能勉强把引擎的温度加热到冰点以上10200:06:26,189 00:06:28,658起重机是最重要的10300:06:28,792 00:06:32,629少了它今天没办法吊钢材10400:06:37,533 00:06:39,735最后终于有了好消息10500:06:39,835 00:0
15、6:42,738暖炉发挥了作用引擎开始运转10600:06:44,872 00:06:46,974我非常高兴10700:06:47,107 00:06:50,344机器顺利运转10800:06:50,477 00:06:55,516看来工程再度步上正轨10900:06:55,582 00:06:57,754但尽管要加速赶工却没有任何出错的空间11000:06:57,854 00:07:01,257有 150 多人即将进驻研究站11100:07:01,357 00:07:03,459有些人还要在这里度过隆冬11200:07:03,559 00:07:07,163他们的生命就掌握在这些施工人员手里
16、11300:07:10,999 00:07:13,801一旦寒冬笼罩了建筑物和里面的人员11400:07:13,902 00:07:18,173他们将会全然与世隔绝11500:07:18,806 00:07:21,942当气温降至摄氏零下 50 度11600:07:22,043 00:07:25,780飞机就无法起降11700:07:27,581 00:07:29,583夏天最后一班飞机起飞之后11800:07:29,684 00:07:33,587留下来的人只能靠自己了11900:07:39,658 00:07:42,795所以即使面对严峻的阻碍12000:07:42,895 00:07:45,331每位工作人员都必须恪尽职责12100:07:45,599 00:07:49,403包括一个几乎难以克服的问题12200:07:49,53
