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1、第第 8 章任务型读写章任务型读写(一)(2011安徽卷)If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our school should teach.来源:学科网Politeness is a mark of civil
2、azation. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we dont make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them
3、this ability from the beginning.Were likely to accept something we are told, but thats not what educated people do. Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical(批判性的)thinking.Children should learn to take care of their
4、health. They should know that if they eat junk food(垃圾食品), they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are. We have to kn
5、ow a little bit of our history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.How will we test students on these? We cant. But thats not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our
6、 children: “This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”TitleVery Useful (1) _IntroductionEducation should be a (2)_ for life.AdviceImportant things should be taught in (3) _.Teaching(4)_How to behave (5) _The basic skill of (6) _ moneyHow to(7)_ in a critical
7、 wayHow to keep(8) _The rights and responsibilities one has in (9) _ConclusionChildren should be taught what(10) _ is and how to deal with it.答案：本文主要讲述了教育者应教给孩子们的非常重要的知识，那就是：懂礼貌，学会理财，批判性的思维方式，照顾自己的健康以及作为社会的一分子应承担的责任等。1Teaching/Education/Schooling 该题为主旨归纳题，概括性比较强，而全文内容都是强调孩子们的教育问题，因此应围绕 education 这一主
8、题进行考虑。2preparation 由文章第一段第一句话可知，教育的基本功能是为生活做准备，由此可推知空格处的正确答案为动词 prepare 的名词形式。3schools 本题考查学生对文章细节的理解。由第一段最后一句话可知，该类教育应主要在学校里完成。4Content(s)/content(s)/Topics/topics/Subjects/subjects文章从第二段到第六段都是介绍了孩子们在学校里应该学习的内容。5politely/properly/well 第二段讲述的是孩子们的言谈举止要有礼貌，因为懂礼貌是社会文明的标志。6managing 文章从第三段强调孩子们应从一开始就要学会
9、理财。7think 第四段最后一句强调孩子们应学会如何批判性的思考问题。8healthy/fit 第五段主要讲述了孩子们要学会照顾自己的健康。9society 第六段主要讲述了孩子们要了解自己在社会上应享有的权利和应承担的责任。10life 文章最后一句说我们应当告诉孩子们什么是真正的生活，他们将在以后的生活中面临的问题以及解决方法等。(二)(2011江苏卷)When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not?Why Difficult?When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are
10、 generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when were acting as leaders, the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every expression matte
11、rs and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmonywhile an apology tha
12、t is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly?Why Now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last deca
13、de or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology cultureapologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, a
14、nd radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.Why Bother?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing, and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to ap
15、pear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason. Leaders will publicly a
16、pologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why Refuse?Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize, even when a public apology seems to be in order? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be
