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1、主谓一致,(agreement betweensubject and verb),熟读深思,My seatmate James, whose parents have been teaching1 English in Guangzhou for ten years, comes2 from the United States, which is3 one of the most developed countries in the world. He as well as his parents enjoys4 living in Guangzhou because neither Jame
2、s nor his parents find5 it difficult to adapt to the life in China. In their opinion, many a custom here is6 easy to understand and ten years is7 enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together with James, extremely like8 English but physics seems9 rather difficult for us.,Besides, both
3、he and I are10 very fond of reading story books, and the Arabian Nights is11 one of the most interesting books that have been read12 by us. Our class is13 united as a big family. Now the class are14 preparing for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time have been spent15on it.
4、What we need is16 a qualified coach because being trained properly is17 of great importance. We each are all aware that each of us plays18 an important role in our class. We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it hasnt been decided. 19,
5、语法概念： 主谓一致是指在英语中，句子的谓语动词要与主语在人称和数上保持一致。,就近原则：,主语为单数形式，谓语一般用单数形式主语为复数形式，谓语一般用复数形式,尽管主语是单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语用复数形式,谓语动词的形式由和它最接近的主语的形式来决定,1) Look! A girl _ (be) singing, and two boys _ (be) dancing.,2) The crowd _ (be) arguing and fighting. Dont get close to them.,3) Not only a nurse but also two doctors _
6、(be) fined yesterday.,is,are,are,were,三个原则：语法一致：,意义/内容一致：,1). Many a boy _ (have) made such a funny experiment.,has,2)More than one game _(be)lost.,was,语法一致:按主语的语法形式(单复数)确定谓语形式,归纳一：many a(许多)和 more than one(不止一个)等作定语修饰做主语的单数可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。,1）Li Ming and Zhang Hua _ good students.,A. am B. is C. are,2
7、）Both the teachers and the students _ here.,A. am B. is C. are,归纳二：两个名词由and 连接作主语时， A, B表示不同的人，物或观念时，谓语动词用_形式。,C,C,复数,并列主语表示同一个概念、同一个人或同一事物，谓语动词用_形式。,1) Toms teacher and friend _ Mr. Smith.,A. am B. is C. are,B,单数,2) My neighbor and colleague _(like) gardening though he is busy.3) A needle and threa
8、d _ (be) needed to repair your shoes now.,注意: 表整体概念的并列结构短语有：war and peace, iron and steel钢铁, bread and butter面包和黄油, a knife and fork, a needle and thread,likes,is,1).No teacher and no student_(be) in the classroom.,is,2) Each boy and each girl _ (want) to serve the people in the future.3) Every man
9、and every woman _ (live ) peacefully.4)Many a boy and many a girl_ (have) made such a funny experiment.,wants,lives,语法一致,归纳三：用 and连接的并列主语被each/every/no/many a修饰时，谓语动词用单数。,has,归纳四：不定代词each, no one, anyone, somebody, everything, nothing或either在句中作主语或限定词时, 谓语一律用单数。,1）Each of us _（have） a car.2）Someone
10、_ （want) to buy the house.3）Either of them _ (want) to take a vacation.,has,wants,wants,The blind_(study) in special school.The sick _ (cure).,study,have been cured,归纳五： 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,表示一类人、事物；谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the poor, the injured等,Ten kilometers _ (be) a long distance.One dollar and se
11、venty eight cents _ (be) what she has.,is,is,归纳六：表示时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语，看作一个整体时为单数。,语法一致原则的几个难点,Serving people _(be) my great happiness.,When well go out for an outing _ (have ) been decided.,is,has,To be a programmer _(be) my goal which I am trying to achieve.,is,难点一：单个不定式(短语), 动名词(短语)或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数
12、。,1) Those who_ (want )to go should sign your names here. 2) Anyone who_ (want )to go should sign your name here.,want,wants,难点二：在定语从句中：,先行词+who/which/that(作主语）引导定语从句，从句谓语与先行词一致。,3)He was one of the students who _ （invite）at the party last night . 4) He was the only one of the students who _ （invite
13、）at the party last night .,were invited,was invited,one of +复数名词+关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用复数。the only one of+复数名词+关系代词作主语引导的定语从句，从句谓语用单数。,Here _ (come) the bus. There _ (be) a pen and some pieces of paper.,comes,1),就近原则:谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。,归纳1):由here, there等引导的倒装句中, 若主语不止一个时, 谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。,is,就近一致,2）Neit
14、her you nor I_ wrong.,3）Not only the students but also the teacher _ (wish) for a holiday.,4) _(be) either you or he going to attend the meeting?,am,wishes,Are,归纳2):由连词 not only . but also, neithernor ;eitheror; whetheror; not but（不是而是）;or 在句子中连接主语的时候,谓语动词要和靠近它的主语保持一致。,7)A teacher with five students
15、 _ in the classroom .,B,5)A professor, rather than two doctors, _ (be) sent to help in the work.6)No one including the teachers_ (be) allowed to use the house.,B,B,A . are B . is,归纳3)：当主语后面跟有 together with, with，along with, but, except, as well as, besides, including, in addition to, like, rather than 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。,意义一致原则：谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定。The police _ searching for a thief.The cattle _eating grass on the hill.,归纳一：某些名词如people, the police, cattle(牛）等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数。,
