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1、第 1 页 共 4 页倒装句和省略句倒装句和省略句重点难点解析重点难点解析倒转句的考查主要从以下几个方面入手：1） 含有否定意味的词置于句首，部分倒装； 2）only状语/状语从句置于句首，部分倒装；3）so/suchthat 句型中，so形容词/副词 提前，部分倒装；4）表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，要完全倒装。 一 倒装句用法一览表分 类倒装条件句型结构例句There be句型There are many students in our school.表地点的介词短语置于句首： 地点状语+谓语(be, lie, sit 等)+主语Near the river is/stands a p
2、ine tree.here, there, now, then(只用过去式), up, down, away, out 等副词位于句首Out rushed the boy. Then came the teacher.直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句 倒装。结构：“ ,” said/asked sb.“You had better stay at home,” said my mother.完 全 倒 装强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡Fastened to the pole is the national flag. We saw a house, in front of which
3、 stood a tall tree.主谓宾结构的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句Have you finished your homework?/ Why did you buy it?seldom, never, little, hardly, nowhere, by no means, in no time 等表否定意义的副词或短 语置于句首。Seldom does he watch TV. By no means will I give up trying.Only +状语置于句首Only when you have grown up can you understand your parent
4、s.not onlybut also连接并列的句子，前倒 后不倒Not only does he do well in study, but also he is ready to help others.neithernor连接并列的句子，前后都倒Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.so/suchthat 中 such/so 的修饰成分置于句 首时前倒后不倒So fast did he speak that I didnt follow him. Such good players are they that they often win
5、.as 引导的让步状语从句Child as he is, he knows a lot.so, neither 或 nor 表示前句内容也适用于另 外的人或事He can play the piano. So can I . we didnt win. Neither did they.表示祝愿的祈使句May you have a good trip.部 分 倒 装省略 if 的虚拟条件句：结构： Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词 Were I you, I would not do it this way.第 2 页 共 4 页二 特别提示 1. There be 结构的倒装句
6、型中，there 后还可接 lie, live, seem to be 等。例如：There lived an old man in the village long long ago. 2. here, there, now, then(只用过去式), up, down, away, out 等副词位于句首，主语为代词时 不倒装。例如：Out he rushed. 3. 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，主句倒装。但是主语为代词时不倒装。 “You had better stay at home,” she said. 4. So 位于句首不倒装的情况：主语与前句相同，表赞同, 译为“确实如此
7、” 。例句：-Mike studies hard. -So he does. （确实是。) 比较: （-So do I .我也是。 ） 5. 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事，前句如果列举了两种事实以上，用 “So it is/was with sb/sth.”回答。-Tom is kind and often helps those in trouble.-So it is with his father.省略句省略句 高考命题导向：省略是一种避免重复，保持简洁的语法手段。缺少一个或一个以上的必要 语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子叫做省 略句。高考主要
8、是考查省略在固定结构中的运用。 省略句用法一览表分类 说明 例句省略主语(It)Doesnt matter没关系。省略谓语I won the first race and Tom(won)the second 我赢了第一场比赛，汤姆赢了第二场。省略宾语I dont know(it)我不知道这件事。 省略表语Is he a student? Yes，he is (a student) 他是一名学生吗?是的，他是。省略定语Part of the money belongs to my mother and the rest (of the money) belongs to my father一部
9、分钱属于我妈妈，其余的钱属于我爸爸。省略状语He was not hurt(How)Strange! 他没有受伤。真奇怪!省略从句I would accept the invitation (if I were you) (如果我是你)我会接受邀请的。句子 成分 的省 略省略整句Will you teach English to the students ? Yes(I will teach English to the students) 你要教学生英语吗? 是的。省略介词He is busy (in) doing his homework他正在忙着写作业。省略连词 thatI am sur
10、e (that)we will succeed 我确信我们会成功。小品 词 的省 略 省略关系代词This is the dress (which)I bought in Shanghai 这是我在上海买的裙子。第 3 页 共 4 页强调句型强调疑 问词时，常省略 强调句型中的 thatWhen was it(that)you received his e-mail? 你收到他的电子邮件是什么时候?在 if，when，thoug h，as if 等连词引 导从句时，如从 句中的主要动词 是 be，常将主语 和 be 动词省略If(it is)necessary，we will go there
11、 by air 如果有必要，我们会乘飞机去那里。 Henry looked about as if (he were)in search of something亨利向四周环视，似乎 在寻找什么。在口语中，为了 避免重复，不定 式可以省去和前 面句子相同的动 词，只保留不定 式符号 toYou may go home if you wish to (go home) 如果你愿意，你可以回家了。由固定词组引导 的疑问句How about playing football? 去蹋球怎么样? Why not go there with us? 为什么不和我们一起去?用 so，not 等来 省略上文或
12、问句 中的一部分或整 个句义Can he finish the work on time? I think so(I think he can finish the work on time) 他能按时完成工作吗?我认为他能。固固定定 结结构构 中中的的 省省略略并列复合句中一 些相同的成分可 以省略We tried to help her but (we tried)in vain 我们试着帮助她，但是没有用。 This clock works well but that one doesnt(work well)这个钟表运行得很好，但是 那个不行。第 4 页 共 4 页根据括号中的提示完成
13、句子。 1.Not until _ (I; shout) at the top of my voice _ (he; turn) his head. 2.I won the prize at last. Never in my life _ (I; feel) so happy. 3.Hardly _ (the thief; see) the police _ he ran away. 4.-Hurry up! There _ ( the bell; go). -My goodness! Has Mrs Li come yet? -Look! Here _ (he; come) 5.Not o
14、nly _ (he; like) singing, but _ (he; have) a good voice. 6.-David has passed the final exam smoothly. -So _ (he; have), and _ (I, have). 7.So _ (he; be frightened) in the darkness that he did not dare to move an inch. 8.Up _ (the balloon; go) into the air. 9.At the foot of the mountain _ (a village;
15、 lie) 10.Iv tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ (the teacher, be satisfied) with my progress. 11.If Joes wife doesnt go to the party, neither _.(他也不去) 12.Should _ (如果明天下雨), we would have to put off the sports meet. 13.Child _ (尽管只是孩子), he shows great consideration towards the others. 14.-Mike hadnt passed the exam and was afraid of being scolded.
