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1、请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“查询查询!请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“查询查询!2013 高三英语语法专题复习讲义高三英语语法专题复习讲义一、名词一、名词 【要点点拨要点点拨】 一.可数名词的复数构成规则:1.规则变化:加-s, -es; 辅音字母加 y 结尾的去 y 加 ies;把 f/ fe 变成 ves;(1)keys , three Henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; to
2、matoes; Negroes; dingoes A (2) 缩写,数字,字母等在后面加 s 或s 都可,如: some VIPs (VIPs); in his 50s / 50s; in the 1990s / 1990s; There are two ts in the word “letter”. 2.不规则变化: (1) men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen 等; (2) 单复数形式相同:sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工厂); Chinese; Japanese; Swiss; (teas, f
3、ruits, fishes, metals 等表示种类); (3)只有复数形式:trousers, glasses(眼镜);remains(遗体/物);clothes; ashes; contents(目录); goods; customs(海关); arms(武器); (4)复合名词的复数形式: shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law (5)表示某国人的复数形式:A:单复一样:Chinese / Japanese) B: 把 man 变成 men : Englishmen; Frenchmen; C:其它
4、加 s (包括 Germans) 一、不可数名词 1.量的表示：用 some / a little / much 等表示数量的词（组）及单位名词（量词） ， 用得较多的有 piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar 等：a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / paper / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocola
5、te ; two head of cattle 2.不可数名词具体化： These games are great successes; The party was a great success. 二、名词的所有格： 1.表示有生命的名词后加s, 如一样东西为几人共有，则在最后一个名词后加s: Jack and Toms room(两人共有的房间); Jacks and Toms rooms（两人各自的房 间） ；表示无生命的名词的所有格用 of 表示：the windows of the room; (但表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词后也可加s: Chinas ind
6、ustry; todays paper; ten minutes walk) 2.表示“某人家里”“某店铺”等的名词所有格后省略所修饰的名词：at my aunts (house); at the doctors (office); go to the chemists (shop); 3.双重所有格：a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名词+of +.s / 名词性物主代词（表示“部分” 的概念或表示某种感情色彩，
7、如：赞赏、讨厌等） ；请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“查询查询!请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“查询查询!比较： a friend of her mothers 她母亲的一个朋友（强调她母亲的朋友中的一位，为双 重所有格） a friend of her mother 她母亲的朋友（强调两人间的关系，为 of 所有格） a picture of his brothers(他弟弟的所拥有的照片中的一张，照片上不一定是他本人) a picture of his brother（他弟弟本人的一张照片，照片上就是他本人
8、） 三、名词作定语修饰名词：前一个名词表示后一个名词的特点、性质及用途；(1)一般前面的名词用单数形式，复数加在后面主体名词上：shoe shop(s); story book(s); coffee cup(s); physics teacher(s); 个别名词修饰另外一个名词用复数形式： sales manager; sports meet; 由 man / woman 与另一个名词构成复合名词两者都变 复数：men/ women doctors; (2)比较名词作定语及形容词作定语的不同意义： a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘的袋子/ a dusty ba
9、g 布满灰尘的袋子 a chemical change 化学变化(具有化学性质的变化)/ a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)一个化学老师 a gold watch 一只金表(表材质)/ a golden watch 一只金黄色的表 五.英语中”很多”的表达: 只修饰可数名词:quite a few / a great many (of) / many / a (large / small) number of 只修饰不可数名词: a great deal of / a great amount of ( great amounts of)
10、既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词:plenty of / a lot of ( lots of ) / a (large) quantity of / large quantities of【各个击破各个击破】 1.No regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the _of his advertisement. A. standard B. level C. message D. promise 2.-What do you think of his composition?-Much better, bu
11、t theres still some _for improvement. A. space B. room C. area D. place 3. Sometimes doctors make higher _ for their work than they should. A. bills B. charges C. costs D. prices 4. The _of a big snake made her frightened, so she sat there still. A. sight B. look C. view D. scene 5.No _ she fell ill
12、, considering that she had been overworking for years. A. problem B. way C. wonder D. matter 6. -How is it that you lost your way?-When I came to the crossroads, I went the wrong _. A. way B. direction C. distance D. path请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“查询查询!请上请上 或上百度或上百度,输入输入“沈阳英语家教吴军沈阳英语家教吴军“
13、查询查询!7. Little Tom asked me for small _ for his _piece, so I gave him _. A. change; ten pennies; ten pence B. changes; ten pennies; ten pence C. change; ten pence; ten pennies D. changes; ten pence; ten pennies 8. Will you please tell me _you are talking about? A. which Zhang Yimous film B. which fi
14、lm of Zhang Yimou C. which film of Zhang Yimous D. zhang Yimous which film 9. The baby broke a _which is made of _just now. A. tea cup; glass B. cup of tea; glass C. teas cup; glasses D. tea cup; glasses 10. Look, Mother has just bought three _ and _. A. fruit; lots of vegetables B. fruits; a number
15、 of vegetables C. fruit; a great many of the vegetablesD. fruits; a great amount of vegetables 11. If you get the job youll have to make business _every now and then. A. journeys B. trips C. travels D. voyages 12. I listened to his lecture about biology , but I missed the key _. A. messages B. sense C. notes D. points 13. He is always full of _as though he never knew tiredness. A. strength B. force C. power D. energy 14.There has been a great _
