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1、河北师范大学硕士学位论文最蓝的眼睛的喻指性分析姓名：任佳佳申请学位级别：硕士专业：英语语言文学指导教师：南方20100401V 摘 要 摘 要 托妮莫里森是一位在文学领域做出过巨大贡献的非裔美国女作家，并于1993 年被授予了诺贝尔文学奖。她的创作不仅受到西方文学传统的影响，同时也植根于她作为一名黑人女性的切身体验。本文通过运用亨利路易盖茨的喻指理论来分析她的处女作最蓝的眼睛的喻指性特征，旨在为莫里森的研究提供一个新的批评视角。 盖茨的喻指理论在非裔美国文学作品中主要表现为对语言、 意象的喻指和对文本的喻指。因此本论文分成了相应的三个章节来论证： 第一章分析了小说语言的喻指性特征。 本部分通过
2、莫里森对黑人土语和标准英语的交替使用、对圣经语言的涉指和对小说人物命名方式的喻指，以及喻指性的语言所赋予小说的政治诉求力量等四个方面来揭示种族歧视下非裔美国人其生存状态对语言要求的特殊性。 第二章分别探究了小说文本中来自西方文学和文化传统中的四个喻指意象：替罪羊、植物原型意象、及作为美国白人意识传播的两个主要文化载体识字课本和电影院的意象；以及来自非裔美国文学传统中的三个喻指意象:颜色、有声读物和情色意象。 莫里森通过运用这些喻指意象含蓄地表达了她对待美国主流文化和白人意识的态度，以及非裔美国人对其自身生存状态的感受。 第三章论述了小说对同一传统下其他的文本的喻指，即非裔美国文学中的“互文性修
3、订” 。本部分主要通过黑人成长主题和布鲁斯音乐叙述来论述莫里森的著作与拉尔夫艾里森的小说文本看不见的人的继承性喻指关系。 以上三章的分析不仅对微观的文本内部语言和意象， 而且对宏观的文本之间的喻指关系都进行了详细的阐释。本文最后总结了莫里森在最蓝的眼睛中运用喻指这一手段来召唤作为种族群体的非裔美国人对自身生存状态进行思考、 对个人和社会自由、拥有文化和完整的追寻。 关键词：关键词： 最蓝的眼睛非裔美国文学 喻指性分析 IV Abstract Toni Morrison is one of the preeminent contemporary Afro-American novelists a
4、nd has been awarded the 1993 Nobel Prize for literature. She is not only influenced by the western literary tradition, but also roots herself in the black experience. This thesis is based on the Henry Louis Gatess interpretive theory of Signifyin(g) to present a systematic analytical mode of Toni Mo
5、rrisons The Bluest Eye, which aims to offer a new way of reading and appreciating Morrisons works. According to Henry Louis Gates, Signifyin(g) manifests itself in Afro-American literature as explicit theme and rhetorical strategy mainly by Signifyin(g) on language and imagery within the text, and S
6、ignifyin(g) on text in between. Therefore, this thesis analyzes Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye correspondently from three chapters: The first chapter devotes to explore the novels Signifyin(g) on language from four perspectives, namely, the mixture of Standard English and Black Vernacular, the echo o
7、f the Bible, Signifyin(g) way of naming, and the effect of political appeal as a further exploration. The second chapter focuses on Morrisons explicit Signifyin(g) on imagery both from western literary and cultural tradition, and Afro-American literary tradition to express her implicit understanding
8、 of American mainstream culture and of pains that Afro-American people suffer. The third chapter will provide intertextual evidence to show Morrisons Signifyin(g) on Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man by revising the theme of black Bildungsroman and inheriting the blues as narrative aesthetics. Based on t
9、he above analysis, the thesis reaches its conclusion that Toni Morrison applies Signifyin(g) as a mode of writing to ponder the problems of the Afro-American existence, and to quest for Afro-American personal and social freedom, literacy and wholeness. Key Words: The Bluest Eye; Afro-American litera
10、ture; Signifyin(g) analysis III 学位论文原创性声明 学位论文原创性声明 本人所提交的学位论文 “A Signifyin(g) Analysis of Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye”，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的原创性成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外， 本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中标明。 本声明的法律后果由本人承担。 论文作者（签名） ： 指导教师确认（签名） ： 年 月 日 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论
11、文作者完全了解河北师范大学有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交学位论文的复印件和磁盘，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权河北师范大学可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。 （保密的学位论文在 年解密后适用本授权书） 论文作者（签名） ： 指导教师（签名） ： 年 月 日 年 月 日 1 Introduction Inheriting the legacy of Afro-American literature, Toni Morrison is one of the preeminent contemporary American
12、novelists. She was born Chole Anthony Wofford and raised by working-class parents in the small town of Lorain, Ohio. In 1970, she made her debut The Bluest Eye as a novelist and frequently focused on black communities in her fictions. Soon she gained the attention of both critics and a wider audienc
13、e for her “reflection of breadth of the anonymous black mans experience in America”. 1 Throughout most of her works, The Bluest Eye (1970), Sula (1973), Song of Solomon (1977), Tar Baby ( 1981), Beloved (1987), Jazz (1992) and Paradise (1998), Morrison has managed to convey racial pains and explored
14、 the unique culture inheritance of black Americans in terms of universal ethical issues, namely, the tension between the individual and society. Therefore, she has been widely acclaimed as evocative meditations on black cultural identity in contemporary American. In 1993, she was awarded the Nobel P
15、rize for her contribution that “writing novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, she gives life to an essential aspect of American reality”, 2 which marks a significant milestone in the development of Afro-American literature. Toni Morrisons first work, The Bluest Eye, was publishe
16、d by Holt, Rinehart and Winston in 1970. It focalizes most explicitly on what it means to grow up black and female in the 20th century America. The story presents a disturbing glimpse of the dichotomy existing between the two very distinct cultures: Anglo and Afro-American, and the influences of their differing aesthetic and societal values upon the psyche of a young black girl Pecola Breedloves disquieting desire for a pai
