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1、风险投资英语专业词汇风险投资英语专业词汇 1.Above-the-line promotion methods of advertising that involve using the mass media to promote a product. Examples of above the line methods include television and radio advertising, advertisements in newspapers and magazines and advertising on posters and billboards. 2.Absolute
2、 advantage an economic term used to discuss international trade between two or more countries. One country has an absolute advantage for a particular product if it can produce it cheaper than another country. This may be because it is more efficient, uses fewer resources or has lower costs than the
3、rival country. 3.Accounts a systematic way of recording the financial history of a business over a period of time. Accounts are a key part of financial management and will be of interest to anyone with a financial interest in the business, including managers, shareholders and the government. The mai
4、n accounts that a business should keep are a cash flow forecast, profit and loss account and balance sheet. 4.Acquisition when one business purchases another entire business or part of a business. It is possible to make an acquisition of a whole business, a product line or a brand name. 5.Added valu
5、e the way in which a business increases the worth of its inputs and sells them for a higher amount than they were purchased for. For example, a restaurant chef is able to produce a quality meal from basic ingredients and sell the meal for far more than the cost of the ingredients. The main sources o
6、f added value are convenience and speed, branding, quality, design and the products unique selling point. 6.Advertising a key method of promotion that involves a business using paid-for communication through the media to publicise and position its products and services in the minds of customers. The
7、 two main functions of advertising are to inform and to persuade. 7.An Enterprise an organisation created for a business venture. 8.Articles of Association one of the two documents required for a firm to become incorporated as a limited company. This document sets out details regarding the internal
8、running of the company. It must include the following details: the types of shares and the rights of the shareholders, details of the Directors and their powers, the timing and frequency of company meetings and arrangements for auditing the accounts. 9.Asset-led marketing also known as asset-based m
9、arketing. Asset-led marketing combines the strengths of both a market orientated and product orientated approach to business. Asset-led marketing focuses the business marketing strategy on the business main strengths (or assets) and then tries to use these strengths to meets the needs of its custome
10、rs. The successful Nintendo Wii Fit balance board combined Nintendos strengths in computer gaming with its customers need for a fun and exciting exercise product. 10. Assets something that a business owns and contributes to the value of the business. Assets can be classified as being either fixed as
11、sets or current assets. Fixed assets last for longer than one year with examples including property, machinery and equipment. Current assets last for less than one year with examples including cash and stock. 11. Audited accounts in addition to producing annual accounts, it is a legal requirement fo
12、r large businesses to have their accounts audited by independent professional accountants. A business must appoint an accountancy firm to audit their accounts if it has an annual turnover greater than 1,000,000. It is possible for businesses with a turnover of under 1,000,000 a year to claim exempti
13、on from audit but they must include a report by a qualified accountant. Companies with a turnover of under 90,000 do not have to have their accounts audited. 12. B2B stands for Business To Business, a term that was originally used in connection with e-commerce and advertising but is now used to disc
14、uss the selling of all types of products and services. B2B involves selling your products to other businesses rather than to consumers. For example Microsoft provides server technology to its business customers. 13. B2C stands for Business To Consumer, a term which was originally used in connection
15、with e-commerce and advertising but is now used to discuss the selling of all types of products and services. B2C involves selling your products directly to your consumers. For example, A was one of the first companies to sell books to its customers over the internet. 14. Backwards vertical integrat
16、ion also known as upstream vertical integration. This involves a business buying up one of its suppliers in the production / supply chain. For example a car manufacturer could buy up a company which manufactures tyres. 15. Balance sheet a financial document that a business produces, usually once a year. The balance sheet shows the value of the business and how much it is worth. It is broken down into two sections that mu
