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1、高中英语语法课金字塔复习模式初探-非谓语动词的教学设计及反思一一问题的提出高中英语语法课是高三二轮复习中常见的一种课型。长期以来，高三的语法课基本上教师是以教材为中心，按照英语教学大纲和教材上所列的语法点、知识点进行着机械呆板的“填鸭式”教学。语法课上教师是知识的权威，一节课往往是从教师讲解语法点开始，以讲解语法题结束，教师讲得筋疲力尽。学生则以记背相关语法点为主，然后便是掉进题海，从基础练习到高考题，几十个题目下来，学生也是苦不堪言。试想，这样的课堂环境下“教师教得累、学生记得苦” ，收效又会怎样？更重要的是，回报给“满堂灌”的只能是，学生们逐渐失去了学习英语的积极性和主动性，教与学的矛盾日
2、益突出。因此，语法课急需注入新的模式彻底改变这种低效的教与学的状态。新学期开始，教研中心提出了“金字塔复习模式，在一轮知识点的复习中，大大提高了课堂效率，激发了学生的学习兴趣，学习效果非常不错。但是这种复习模式是否也可以用于枯燥的语法课上？在尝试一段时间之后，我发现采用新模式的课堂发生了很大的改变，现以非谓语动词的复习，展现一下金字塔复习模式下的设计及教学反思。学案的第一部分展示 2007-2012 年山东高考真题 1.（2007 山东 26） Please remain _until the plane has come to a complete stop. Ato seal Bto be
3、 seated Cseating Dseated 2.（2007 山东 33） The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March. Ahas been launched Bhaving been launched Cbeing launched Dto be launched 3.（2008 山东 35） Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made _ in the restaurant.
4、A. working B. work C. to work D. worked4.（2009 山东 22） We are invited to a party _in our club next FridayA. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding5.（2010 山东 23） I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term.A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed6.（2010 山东 29） The l
5、iving room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid7.（2011 山东 27） Look over there theres a very long, winding path_ up to the house.Aleading Bleads CledDto lead8.（2012 山东 26）. George returned after the war, only _ that his wif
6、e had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 9.（2012 山东 35） After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide第二部分针对高考题设计试题分析，如1. 考察 短语就坐 _2. 考察独立主格，表动作发生了用_3. 本题考察现在分词做_语的用法。4. 本题考察不定式做_语，表_要进行的事。
7、5. 本题考察不定式做_语，表_要进行的事。6. 本题考察 with 的复合结构，lay 与 table 之间构成_关系，表动作已_.7. 本题考察_做定语，与 path 之间构成_关系。8. 本题考察_做状语，表意想不到的结果。9. 本题考察 provide 做_语的用法。设计目的：让学生在第一时间感受到高考题，与自己学习的终极目标有个亲密接触。明确自己这个语法项目最终要达到什么要求，使自己在学习中有了明确的目标。需要注意的是教师不要急于给出题目的答案，而是让学生自己感悟，做出试题分析，剖析自己的解题思路，暴露并发现问题，在后面的学习中逐渐找到解决问题的方法。学案的第三部分列出山东卷考试说明
8、相关内容山东卷考试说明附录 2 语法项目表 12 非谓语动词（1）动词不定式（2）动词的-ing 形式 （3）动词的-ed 形式学案的第四部分展示本节课具体的学习目标，如1. 学生熟知非谓语动词历年高考考点2. 学生能够根据重难点考查内容，理清基本解题思路-分析句子成分，寻找解题规律。3. 学生能够通过分析非谓语动词的语法功能以及用法上的区别，寻找解题规律。在学生对于本模块自己要达成的目标有了明确的认识之后，向学生展示语法的相关学案，基础知识分成七个部分，限定时间让学生完成。 （这一过程学生可以借助于语法工具书，对于有难点的地方给出时间让学生进行讨论。 ）例如，非谓语动词的时态及语态，给出相关
9、表格，让学生参考语法书完成。不定式主动被动一般进行完成完成进行V+ing主动被动一般完成练习：1. 1) He pretended _(sleep) when his father came in.2) Robert is said _(study) abroad, but I dont know which country he studied in.3) The book is reported_(translate) into many languages.2. 1) I couldnt stand _(treat) like that. 2) She regretted _(waste
10、) so much time.3) _(expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. 4) _(tell) many times, he still didnt understand.3. 1) The question is very difficult _(answer).2) Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _(break) into small pieces.3）Its important for th
11、e figures _(update).4. 1 ) This problem may lead to more serious ones if _unsolved.A. left B. remained C. keeping D. making2)._ by the teacher, he couldnt laugh when seeing my funny acts.A. Criticize B. Criticized C. Being criticized D. Having criticized3）The players _ from the whole country are exp
12、ected to bring an honour in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected设计意图：将以前要求学生死记硬背的知识转变成具体的语境，让学生在语境中归纳总结基础知识的用法。教学反思：基础教育课程改革纲要中指出：“改革课程实施中过于强调接受学习死记硬背机械训练的现状，倡导学生主动参与乐于探究勤于动手，培养学生搜集和处理信息的能力获取新知识的能力分析和解决问题的能力以及交流合作的能力。”这一过程就是要转变学生的学习方式，把过去单一被动的接受型的学习方式变为自主探究合作的学习
13、方式。例如总结非谓语动词做定语，作状语及宾补时，改变以往的提问学生用法，而是设计相关检测点，让学生自主解决。1. 1) The problem _(discuss) tomorrow at the meeting is very important.2) The problem_(discuss) now at the meeting is very important.3) The problem _(discuss) yesterday at the meeting is very important.2._(see) from the moon, the earth looks like
14、 a huge ball._(see) from the moon, they find that the earth looks like a huge ball.3. When _(compare)with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all._(compare) my answers with the teachers, I found I had made a mistake._(compare) this one with that one, and you will find
15、 which is better.4. 1) Dont leave those things _( unfinish ).2) Im sorry that I left my friend_ (wait) there .3) I heard the song _ (sing) in English.5.1) Generally speaking, when _ (take) according to directions, the drug has no side effect.2) While _ (watch), he makes notes.3) If _(heat), water can be turned into steam.6 1) _(show) around the lab, we were taken to visit the librar
