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1、高中使用语法总结高中使用语法总结( (又修订了又修订了, ,加油加油) )辅音字母：p t d k g f v s z ts dz td trtr dr r h m n l j w 新宋，常规，五号！非谓语动词1.不定式：主 表 宾 定 状 宾补(现在时 被动式 进行时 完成时 完成进行时)【否定：not/never+ to do】主:To do this is unacceptable!表:Ita to play basketball!宾:I hate to urinate here!定:有逻辑主谓关系1.The boys to play hockey is my students!(the
2、 boys 做逻辑主语)2.The pen to use is mine.(做 use 的宾语)状:目的in order-句前/句末,so as to 1.In order to get laid, she use all kinds of ways to attract him.2.He has much savings in order to save her mothers life. 3.China develops very fast so as to take back the deserved glories.4.To find out the error,he was pret
3、ty crazy about the instructions. 5.We get here as to pick someone out.原因 结果so.as to./such.as to./enough to./only to./too.to1.She was so angry as to be unable to speak.2.He is not such a fool as to say no.3.We have enough money to buy food.4.I hurried to your house only to find you were not.5.He is t
4、oo nervous to fall asleep.同:a.The officials gave the order to stop the attack.b.He followed the insttrution to walk along a certain street where I picked him up.c.They had received instrution to watch him.补:1.带 to 的宾补语：She promises him never to lie him again!2.以下宾语补足语不加 to：a.五看 notice,find,look at,s
5、ee,watch observeb.三使 have,make,letc.二听 hear,listen tod.一感 feele.半帮助 help#.为主语补足语时，to 需要补上：He was made to say sorry.It 做形式主语/形式宾语/ 现在分词 不定式 主语从句!疑问词+to do:what who which how when where whether + to do:主 表 宾 双宾语!For+sb+to do:主 表（为形容词宾语）宾 定 壮! It was+Adj+of+sb+to do(对结果进行评论结构)!不带 to 的不定式A.动词 go 和 come
6、等在口语中可以后接不带 to 的不定式1.Go buy a new one.2.Come have tea with us.B.含有 do 的名词性从句用作主语时，其表语如是不定式，常可以去掉 to1.All he could do was write her a letter.2.What they did was wathc TV.C.I:cannot but,cannot choose but,cannot help but 之后的不定式一般皆不带 to1.I (cannot but laugh).2.They (could not choose but pay) off their d
7、ebt.II:在连词 but 之前如有动词 do，其后的不定式也不用 to1.Last night we did nothing (but watch) on the door opposite.2.I will do anything (but work) on a farm.III:连词 but 之前如果没有 do，其后的不定式则一般皆带 to1.The doctor told him nothing (but to stop) smoking.2.There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.D.为了避免重复而省去 toI:1
8、.Her job is to take care of children and (wash) clothes.2.Its just impossible to see him and not (laugh).II:但两个不定式如有对照或者对比之义，则不可省去 to1.(To be or not to be)-that is the question.2.I (cannot to scold),but (to praise) you.2.现在分词：主 表 宾 定 状 宾补【否定：not+v-ing】-eg.Not having luch at noon,I am now feeling hun
9、gry.定Vt 的现在分词为主动的意义:a.令人.的:1.A fascinating girl.2.The attracting sight. b.供人.的:1.Dressing room(供人使用的房间=更衣室). 2.Dring water(供人喝的水=饮料).Vi 的现在分词没有主动的意义:a.正在.的/后置:.的(表动作):1.A crying girl.2.A smiling face.壮（原因 时间 让步 伴随（意为主动） 方式 结果 条件) 宾补a.I saw him playing games in the bar.#.I think of you doing this./I
10、think about you having fun with a witch.动介结构后也可以有宾补！ 3.过去分词：定 表 宾补 状(原 时 地 条 让 伴 方)定 Vt 的过去分词仅表示被动意义,前置/后置:a.A frighten girl #.The treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.一个词可有多个后置定语Vi 的过去分词没有主动意义只表示动作的完成,前置/极极极极极极其罕见后置(但要加上必要的介词):a.In freezing winter,fallen snow can be seen everyw
11、here.b.They visit some developed countires.c.She is an resturned sailor(=She is sailor who has resturned)定语从句做非限定性定语从句a.The meeting attended by 5000 people,welcomeed the great hero.b.This project,designed by the Chinese engineer,was finished in onlu two years.宾补 vt 的过去分词作宾补时，宾语与过去分词之间只存在被动关系1.I make
12、 her understood by the people attending the meeting.2.I am glad to make myself known to you all.vi 的过去分词作宾补时，仅表示动作的完成，宾语与过去分词之间不存在被动关系，表主谓关系，例如:go change fall1.I found him gone.2.I I found her changed a lot.3.I saw the leaves fallen.状-原因 1.Done in a hurry,the quality of his paper is not acknowleadge
13、!时间 1.When it is seen under a mocroscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicated six-pointed shape!-改：Seen inder a microscope,a fresh snowflake has a delicated six-pointed shape!2.when it is heated,ice will be change into the water!-改：when heated,ice will be changed into the water!3.Asked (When he was ask
14、ed) what had happened, he lowered his head. 地点 -少见条件 1.Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 2.Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better. 让步1.Left (Although he was left) at home, John didnt feel afraid at all. 伴随（意为被动）1.The teacher entered the clas
15、sroom, (and he was) followed by a group of students. 老师进入教室，后面跟着一帮学生。 方式1.I made him laugh,given fists by others.4.动名词：主 表 宾 定 补needs+v-ing 为被动！your v-ing 做主语/宾语，me v-ing 宾语!各类从句5.状语从句：原 时 地 条 让 方 比 除 程 结 目 条件:(真实条件句；非真实条件句) 假设的情况有可能发生的条件句叫真实条件句，在真实条件句中用陈述语气a.If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the
16、 Great Wall.b.I will write to your parents,if you are late again.假设的情况完全是一种建设或发生的可能性不大的条件句，叫非真实条件句A.与现在事实不相符（从句:V-过 .主句:would,might,should）1.If I were you,the sutiation will alter!were I you,the sutiation will alter!B.与过去事实不相符（从句:had+过去分词. 主句:would+have+过去分词）1.If he had come,my life would have gone on without
