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1、翻译基础翻译基础I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30)1. 亚太经贸合作组织2. 东南亚国家联盟3. 首席财务官4. 消费价格指数5. 邮政特快专递 6. 联邦调查局7.
2、 全球定位系统 8. 首次公开募股9. 北大西洋公约组织10. 国际货币基金组织11. 最惠国 12. 知识产权13. 注册会计师 14. 欧洲自由贸易联盟15. 国际原子能机构16. mortgage loan17. health-care food 18. the bonded zone 19. bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency 20. (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival 21. tertiary industry; service sector22. a state with
3、 an adequate legal system 23. international common practice 24. cash on delivery 25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit 26. downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises 28. retain the job but suspend the salary 29. special drawin
4、g rights (SDR; SDRs)30. market access II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English (120).英译汉：一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一
5、个刺耳的声音：我要是诊断错了该怎么办？我是个蹩脚的医生。当初我是怎么混进医学院 的？一位高管失业了，虽然此前有过 25 年的辉煌职业生涯，他还是不断地告诉自己：我是个失败者。我没法赡养家人，以后也都不能够了。如果这些真实的事例对 你来说非常地熟悉，那么你的头脑里可能也有那么一个严厉的声音在回荡。心理学家称，很多病人都备受苛刻的自我怀疑的折磨包括一些非常成功的人士，他们 认为这正是自己成功的秘诀。自我怀疑的确能在清晨把你从床上唤起，敦促你快马加鞭地干活，尽快去完成手头那本书、那支曲子或是那项发明。不过对于成功的渴求也许会 为严苛的评判及无休止的恐惧所阻挠。无休止的自我批评通常会带来焦虑，甚至会导
6、致抑郁症。自我批评也会导致进食失调、身体机能紊乱，即总是想象自己的身体 有缺陷。很多人在幼年时期便有了自我怀疑的倾向，之后这个声音便常伴他们左右，成了他们性格的一个部分。心理学家称，儿童，尤其是那些先天易患抑郁症的儿 童，可能会内化并夸大父母、同辈或社会对自己的期望。有一个说法认为，自我批评其实就是冲自身发泄怒气，这类人内心充满了敌对情绪，但是太过忧虑、太没有 安全感，不敢把这种情绪发泄出来。还有一些说法则认为，那些责备自己的人是在表达自己的负罪感或羞辱感，或者是下意识里保护自己免遭他人的责备：你不能再 来责备我了，我自己已经责备过自己了，用的词比你还要严厉呢。各种认知行为疗法有助于改变给人带
7、来痛苦的思维模式。经常有一些医生、律师类的病人，他们相信如果他们对自己没有那么苛刻，就不会有现 在的成功。心理学家的部分工作内容就是打破那种成见，并告诉他们很多时候他们是因为突破自责获得了成功，而并不是因为自责而成功的。汉译英：Agriculture is the centerpiece of the Doha Round negotiations. Although both developed and developing countries are faced with pressures, the nature of their difficulties is very differe
8、nt. Of the 2.6 billion farming population in the world, 2.5 billion reside in the developing countries, and the majority of them are living below poverty lines. Even if some developing countries were willing to embark on the road of trade liberalization, they would have to take into account the basi
9、c livelihood of millions or even billions of their farmers. To expose those poor farmers to further external shocks could trigger disastrous consequences. Should such scenario occur, the lifestyle of the rich countries would be endangered, too. It is therefore sensible to offer duty-free, quota-free
10、 treatment to products from the least developed countries immediately. Developing countries should also be entitled to the concepts of “Special Products” and “Special Safeguard Mechanism”. In the process of promoting world trade liberalization, it is crucial to bear in mind the interests of the majo
11、rity and to enable them to adapt to the pace of progress. Hence the necessity of providing special and differential treatment to all developing countries. It is advisable to reach consensus during the Hong Kong conference on issues like cotton and others, so that there could be some “Early Harvest”
12、for developing countries. Such visible and tangible benefits could boost the confidence of most members in the ongoing Doha Round negotiations.I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this par
13、t of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30)1. APEC 2. ASEAN 3. CFO 4. CPI 5. EMS6. FBI 7. GPS 8. IPO 9. NATO 10. International Monetary Fund 11. most favored nations 12. Intellectual Property Rights13. Certified Public Accountant 14. European Free Trade Association 1
14、5. International Atomic Energy Agency 16. 按揭贷款 17. 保健食品 18. 保税区 19. 不正之风20. 春运21. 第三产业22. 法制国家 23. 国际惯例 24. 货到付款 25. 亏损企业 26. 减员增效 27. 联合兼并 28. 留职停薪29. 特别提款权 30. 市场准入 II. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, i
15、ts target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120) Source Text 1: A physician starts playing a harsh mental tape in her head every time a new patient calls: What if I make the wrong diagnosis? Im a terrible doctor. How did I get into medical school
16、? An executive loses his job despite 25 productive years, he tells himself: Im a loser. I cant provide for my family, and Ill never be able to do it again. If these real-life examples sound familiar, you may have a caustic commentary running in your head, too. Psychologists say many of their patients are plagued by a harsh Inner Criticincluding some extremely successful people who think its the secret to their success. An Inner Critic can indeed roust you out of bed in the m
