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1、解解读长读长隧道施工防排水控制要点隧道施工防排水控制要点 Interpretation of long tunnel waterproof and drainage control points承秦高速公路秦皇岛段程家沟地道坐落抚宁县大新寨镇程家沟到陈庄村，地道左幅起点 LK164+240，结尾 LK166+318，长 2078 米，右幅起点 RK164+220，结尾 RK166+508，长 2288 米。程家沟地道穿越的地段为低山丘陵地貌，地势整体为西北高东南低。道路走廊带内地势相对高差通常为 50100m，山体多呈浑圆状，上部多有较薄（12m）的残坡积掩盖物，偶见悬崖峭壁，因为地壳晋升与流
2、水效果的腐蚀切开，使山体与沟谷交织呈现。程家沟地道从多条冲沟下部穿过，沟谷多呈“V”型。其间，地道进口段冲沟与地道近平行发育，旱季发生较多渗水。因为地道围岩为强风化基岩，裂隙发育，地表为第四系全新统冲洪积松懈层或全风化基岩，地表水下渗较为严峻。 The Qinhuangdao Qin Expressway Chengjiagou tunnel is located Funing County Xin Zhai Zhen Cheng Jia Gou to Chen Zhuang Cun, the left end point LK164+240, LK166+318, 2078 meters l
3、ong, right at the end point of RK164+220, RK166+508, 2288 meters long. Cheng Jia Gou tunnel across the area of the hilly topography, topography is northwest to southeast. The road corridor terrain relative height is usually 50 100m, the number was rounded shape, the upper part is http:/ http:/ http:
4、/ http:/ ( 1 2m) of the residual cover, occasionally precipitous rock faces and sheer cliffs, as the crust promoted corrosion and water cut, the mountains and valleys intertwined. Cheng Jia Gou tunnel from the gullies across the valley is lower, “ V “ type. In the meantime, the import section of the
5、 gully and the nearly parallel development, the dry season water seepage occurred more. Because the tunnel surrounding rock is weathered bedrock, fissures, surface for Quaternary Holocene alluvial lax or weathered bedrock, infiltration of surface water is more severe. 为了能做好地道的防排水工程，地道中也采用了一些新技术、新材料的
6、使用，但咱们还应该知道描绘图纸，充沛知道防排水描绘意图和描绘意图，按“防、排、截、堵联系、量体裁衣、综合治理”的准则，并联系以往排水施工的经历和经验，除按描绘安置排水设备外，还在地下水多的当地增设排水设备，一起仔细按描绘做好各道防水屏障，使水顺畅排到洞外。In order to do a good job and drainage engineering and tunnel, tunnel also uses some new technology, new material, but we should also know that depict the drawings, fully k
7、now drainage depicting intention and depicting intention, according to “ prevent, row, cut, blocking contact, tailor, http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ treatment “ principle, and the past the drainage construction experience, in addition to depict the placement of drainage equipment, also multiple local a
8、dditional drainage equipment, together with a carefully depicted by the waterproof barrier, so that the water discharged to the outside.进洞前的防排水作业，在地道进洞前应对地道轴线规模内的地表水进行知道，剖析地表水的补给方法、来历状况，采纳相应的处置办法，做好地表防排水作业：洞口排水是联系地势状况，地道洞口边仰坡开挖规模外 5m 设洞顶截水沟，将地表水排到地道穿过的地表外测，避免地表水的下渗和对洞口仰坡的冲刷，并与路基边沟顺接成排水系统，洞顶开挖的仰坡、边坡坡
9、面用喷发混凝土将其关闭，并对洞口上方及两测挂网喷浆，避免雨水对洞口边仰坡坡面和洞口美化的冲刷。 Water prevention before the hole, in the tunnel before entering the tunnel to tunnel axis within the scope of the surface water is know, analysis of supply method, surface water source conditions, adopt corresponding measures, good surface drainage ope
10、ration: the drainage is the condition, tunnel entrance slope excavation scale 5m roof intercepting ditch, surface water into the tunnels through surface tracking, erosion and avoid the infiltration of surface http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ and on the entrance slope, and then into the drainage system an
11、d subgrade side ditch, slope, slope excavation with concrete roof eruption will be closed, and the top of the hole and the two measuring net Guniting to avoid the rain, on the slope slope and landscaping scour hole.地道在开挖过程中，当涌水较会集时，喷锚前先进行导水，当涌水面积较大时，喷锚前设置树枝状软式透水管排水，当涌水严峻时设置汇水孔，边排水边喷发混凝土。喷锚完成后，使开挖岩石面
12、与喷发混凝土之间构成排水用的汇水孔，使围岩涌水、渗漏水经过设置的汇水孔等排水设备流向墙脚纵向排水管，再由地道底横向排水管排到地道中间排水沟内。前期支护经过引水导管的引导及喷发混凝土的堵截效果构成永久性地下水排水设备。经过这样的处置，使围岩的大多数地下水经过排水设备排出洞外，喷混凝土后混凝土外表渗水表象很少，真实起到了防水效果。Tunnel in the excavation process, when the water is gathered, the first water spray anchor, when the water area is large, spray anchor i
13、s arranged in front of drainage dendritic soft water, when the water seriously set sink holes, edge row waterside eruption concrete. Shotcrete is completed, the drainage sink hole is formed between the surface and the eruption of rock excavation in the rock, concrete, water gushing water leakage thr
14、ough the setting http:/ http:/ http:/ http:/ catchment hole drainage flow of longitudinal drainage pipe wall, by tunnel bottom transverse drainage pipe to the middle drainage ditch. Early support through the guide and eruption concrete diversion conduit to intercept effects constitute permanent groundwater drainage equipment. After this treatment, most of the groundwater in the rock after drainage equipment out of the tunnel, after spraying concrete seepage concrete appearance representation rarely, true to the waterproof effect.
