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1、1延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since 从句, 如：since he came here; since+时间点名词, 如：since last year, si
2、nce 5 days ago; how long 等。请看例句 1.He has lived here for 6 years.请看例句 2.You can keep the book for 5 days.请看例句 3.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year.请看例句 4.How long did you stay there last year?请看例句 5.My brother has joined the army for two years（误）My brother has been a soldier for two years .（正）我哥哥自
3、1999 年就参军了。请看例句 6.My brother has joined the army since 1999（误）My brother has been a soldier since 1999 (正)你哥哥参军多久了？请看例句 7.How long has your brother joined the army ？（误）How long has your brother been a soldier ？ （正）2二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die, close, begin(start), fini
4、sh, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock;请看例句 He died 5 years ago.否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。请看例句 1.I havent left here for 3 years.请看例句 2.I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave be away 离开;borrow keep 借;buy have 买;begin/start be o
5、n 开始/上演;die be dead;finish end stop be over 结束/完成;join be in+组织机构或 be a member of+组织机构；open/close sth keep sth open/closed；fall ill be ill；get up be up；catch get a cold have a cold 感冒；come here be here；go there be there；become be 成为；come back be back；fall asleep be asleep 睡着；get to/ arrive/reach be
6、(in)；leave be away from；get to know know；go (get) out be out；put on wear；catch a cold have a cold; go to school be in schoolbe a student 上学; go abroad be abroad 去国外; marry be married（to）结婚; wake up be awake 醒; make friends with be friends with 成为/交朋友; lose be lost be missing be gone 丢失; lose ones jo
7、b work be out of work a job 等。请看例句 1.The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.3 It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died.请看例句 2.He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.He has been a Party member for 2
8、years.请看例句 3. He joined the army 5 years ago. He has been in the army for 5 years. He has served in the army for 5 years.He has been a soldier for 5 years.请看例句 4.I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.练习：1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B.
9、 had left C. has been away D. had been away2.I _ the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3.The factory _ since the February of 1988.A. has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. h
10、ave become5.You mustnt _ until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over47.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C.
11、was D. became9. I _ home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12.He _ the car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had13.-How lo
12、ng _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days.A. borrow B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. st
13、opped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days?A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ foe 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days.A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had20.- How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks.A. bor
14、row B. lend C. get D. keep21.-How long have you _ the book? -Two weeks.5A. bought B. lent C. had D. borrowed22. -Do you know him well?-Sure, we_friends for ten years.A. were B. have been C. have become D. have madeKey:1-5 D C A B B; 6- -10 C A A B C; 11-15 B C C C B; 16-20 C A C D D;21-22 C B6英语形容词的
15、排列顺序 当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词，形容词该如何排列?这一直是一个比较复杂的问题，很多英语学习者发现难以找到适合自己的记忆方法。下面的口诀可否帮你记住这一先后顺序。限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 功能类别往后排。“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有 all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如: both my hands、all half his income 等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful、bad、cold、great 等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。“形状”的词如：narrow、round、square 等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词，如：British、Canadian、German 等。“材料”的词如：plastic、m
