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1、建筑工程整体地面的施工的探析建筑工程整体地面的施工的探析摘要：整体地面主要是指混凝土地面、水泥砂浆地面、现浇水磨石地面和菱苦土地面等。这是一种应用较为广泛、具有传统做法的地面，其基层和垫层的做法相同，仅面层所用材料和施工方法有所区别。绝大部分工程的基层和垫层在土建工程中完成，在装饰工程中仅进行面层的施工。由于在实际工程中应用水泥砂浆地面和现浇水磨石地面较多，所以本文重点介绍这两种地面的施工工艺。Abstract: the whole ground is mainly refers to the concrete ground water, cement mortar ground and te
2、rrazzo ground and ling magnesia ground, etc. This is a kind of application is relatively wide, with the ground of tradition, the grassroots and cushion layer is the same, only different surface materials and construction methods. Most of the engineering of grass-roots and cushion in civil works comp
3、leted, only in the decoration project carries on the surface of the construction. Because in the practical engineering application water cement mortar ground and terrazzo ground is more, so this article focuses on the two farming construction process below.关键词：整体地面；水泥砂浆；施工；养护；质量Key words: whole grou
4、nd; Cement mortar; Construction; Maintenance; The qualityhttp:/ http:/ introduction水泥砂浆地面面层是以水泥作胶凝材料，以砂作骨料，按配合比配制抹压而成。水泥砂浆地面的优点是造价较低、施工简便、使用耐久，但容易出现起灰、起砂、裂缝、空鼓等质量问题。Cement mortar ground surface with cement as cementitious material, with sand as aggregate, according to mix with pressure. Cement morta
5、r ground has the advantage of low cost, simple construction, durability, but its easy to have a grey, sand, cracks, empty drums and other quality problems.1 对组成材料的要求1 requirements for component materials1.1 胶凝材料 水泥砂浆（楼）地面所用的胶凝材料为水泥，应优先选择硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥，其强度等级一般不得低于325MPa。以上品种的水泥与其他品种水泥相比，具有早期强度高、水化热较高、
6、干缩性较小等优点。如果采用矿渣硅酸盐水泥，其强度等级应大于32.5MPa，在施工中要严格按施工工艺操作，并且要加强养护，这样才能保证工程质量。1.1 gelled material used in the cement mortar ground (floor) gelling material for cement, should give preference to Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, the strength grade average is not less than 32.5 MPa. The above variet
7、ies compared with other varieties http:/ cement, cement with high early strength, small dry shrinkage and higher hydration heat, etc. If using slag Portland cement, the strength grade should be greater than 32.5 MPa, strictly operate according to construction technology in construction, and to stren
8、gthen the maintenance, so as to ensure the engineering quality.1.2 细骨料 水泥砂浆面层所用的细骨料为砂，一般多采用中砂和粗砂，含泥量不得大于3（质量分数） 。因为细砂的级配不好，拌制的砂浆强度比中砂、粗砂拌制的强度约低2535，不仅耐磨性较差，而且干缩性较大，容易产生收缩裂缝等质量问题。水泥砂浆地面的施工工艺水泥砂浆地面的施工比较简单，其施工工艺流程为：基层处理弹线、找规矩水泥砂浆抹面养护。1.2 fine aggregate used in the cement mortar layer fine aggregate as
9、the sand, more commonly used medium sand and coarse sand, silt content shall not be greater than 3% (mass fraction). Bad for fine grading, mixing mortar strength than medium sand and coarse sand mixing intensity of about 25% 35% lower, not only wear resistance is poorer, and the dry shrinkage is big
10、ger, easy to produce the quality problems such as shrinkage crack. Cement mortar ground the construction technology of cement mortar ground construction is simpler, its construction technological process as follows: the basic level processing - line, find rules - http:/ http:/ mortar plaster - maint
11、enance.2 基层处理2 basic level processing水泥砂浆面层多铺抹在楼地面混凝土垫层上，基层处理是防止水泥砂浆面层发生空鼓、裂纹、起砂等质量通病的关键工序。因此，要求基层具有粗糙、洁净、潮湿的表面，必须仔细清除一切浮灰、油渍、杂质，否则形成一层隔离层，会使面层结合不牢。表面比较光滑的基层，应进行凿毛，并用清水冲洗干净，冲洗后的基层，最好不要上人。在现浇混凝土或水泥砂浆垫层、找平层上做水泥砂浆地面面层时，其抗压强度达到12MPa，才能铺设面层，这样不致破坏其内部结构。Cement mortar layer more than shop put on floors, co
12、ncrete cushion layer, primary treatment is to prevent the cement mortar layer from a empty drum, crack, sand, etc. The quality common fault of the key working procedure. Therefore, grass-roots requirements with rough, clean, moist surface, must be carefully remove all float ash, oily be soiled, mate
13、rial, or to form a layer of isolation layer, layer combined with rickety. Surface is smooth at the grass-roots level, should be cut hair, rinse off with clear water, rinse the grassroots, had better not be here. In cast-in-place concrete or cement mortar cushion layer, making the ground surface laye
14、r of cement mortar screed-coat, its compressive http:/ is 1.2 MPa, in order to laid the surface, it does not damage its internal structure.3 弹线、找规矩3 line, find rules3.1 弹基准线 地面抹灰前，应先在四周墙上弹出一道水平基准线，作为确定水泥砂浆面层标高的依据。做法是以地面000为依据，根据实际情况在四周墙上弹出05m 或10m 作为水平基准线。据水平基准线量出地面标高并弹于墙上（水平辅助基准线） ，作为地面面层上皮的水平基准。要注
15、意按设计要求的水泥砂浆面层厚度弹线。Should be in 3.1 before playing the datum surface troweling pop up on the wall around a horizontal reference line, used as the basis for determining cement mortar surface elevation. Approach is based on the ground plus or minus 0.00, according to the actual situation in the pop up
16、on the wall around 0.5 m or 0.5 m as a horizontal line. According to the level reference line out of the ground elevation and the amount play auxiliary reference line (level) on the wall, as the level of the ground surface epithelium. Should pay attention to according to the design requirements of the cement mortar layer thickness of the line.3.2 做标筋
