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1、1初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化陈述句转化 that 引，一般疑问句用引，一般疑问句用 if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的 宾语，也可做介词的宾语。 eg, He said
2、he was good at drawing. (做动词宾语) 译： _ He asks him how long Mike has been down . (做动词宾语) 译： _ Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (做介词宾语) 译： _ 2. 连接词和语序 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用 that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. 译： _ (2 )以 whether 或或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思 或选择疑问句意思的
3、宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用 whether 不用 ifeg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用 whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether you g
4、o or not?c. if 当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用 whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?特殊情况：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时， 句式结构应为特殊疑问词特殊疑问词do you think陈述句语序。陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制， 根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：
5、 Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? 译： _ b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.） 译： _ 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象， 科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） 译： _ The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than so
6、und.） 译： _ 4.、人称的变化和标点的使用 a. 从句应转化为相应的人称“May I use your knife？”He asked me . He asked me if he might use my knife . “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me . He asked me if I know her telephone number . b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑 问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I dont know . I do
7、nt know who will give us a talk . Do you know？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives ? 二、宾语从句的转化 1. 当主句谓语动词是 hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree 等，且2主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 2. 当主句的谓语动词是 know, learn, forg
8、et, remember, decide 等从句可 以简化成“疑问词不定式结构” 。例如： I dont know which sweater I should buy .I dont know which sweater to buy. 3. 当主句的谓语动词是 ask，tell, show, teach 等后面带双宾语时，从句 可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,如： Could you tell me how to get to the park? 4. 当主句谓语动词是 find，see，watch，hear 等感官动词时，从句常简 化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-
9、ing 形式。 如： She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.点击中考点击中考 1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. .A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the wayC. where was this kind of plant foun
10、d D. how do elephants communicate 2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I dont know _. .A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad 3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late.-Come in, please. But could you please tell me
11、 _. ?A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school 4. -Could you please tell me _. ?-Bus No.32 will take you right there.A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Hen
12、an Museum 5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. .A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone 6. -Do you know _. the Capital Museum? -Next Friday.A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when the
13、y visited 7. He wanted to know _.the English party.A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have 8. I want to know _. .A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport sh
14、ould we arrive at 9.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _. ?-He is a doctor.A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is 10. -Could you tell me _. ? He is wanted by the head teacher.-Sorry, Ive no idea. But he _ here just now.A. where Tim; was B. where is Tim; was C. where Tim is; was D. where Tim is; is 11. -Did Mrs. King leave a message?-Yes. She wanted to know _ this Sunday.A. who you would go shopping B. if you would go shopping with herC. that you will go shopping D. when will you go shopping with her 12.-Im a teenager
