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1、工程英语阅读期末复习之工程术语工程英语阅读期末复习之工程术语工程英语阅读期末复习之工程术语hydraulic engineering 水利工程geotechnical engineering 岩土工程surveying engineering 测量工程construction engineering 建筑工程structural engineering 结构工程environmental impact study 环境影响研究wearing course 磨耗层roadbed 路基load carrying ability/capacity 承载力bulldozer 推土机loader 装载机
2、power roller 电动压路机（路碾）culvert 涵洞shoulder 路肩filling materials 填料concrete 混凝土plane surveying 平面测量geodetic surveying 大地测量elevations 高程steel tape 钢卷尺tripod 三角架transit 经纬仪total station 全站仪surveyors level 水准仪borrow pit 取土坑hydrological factors 水文因素intermediate control points 中间控制点reconnaissance 踏勘topograph
3、ic maps 地形图subsurface exploration 地下勘探route reconnaissance 线路踏勘preliminary survey 初步定线final location 最终定线preliminary reconnaissance 前期踏勘alignment design 定线设计，路线设计cut-and-cover method 随挖随填法bench mark 水准点，基准点embankment 路堤plumb bob 铅锤cross section 横断面，截面；断面图roadbed 路基，路床subgrade 路基base course 基层surfaci
4、ng / surface course 面层，路面divided highways 分离式车道shoulder slope: 路肩边坡cut bank: (also called cut back slope) 挖方边坡roadside ditch: 边沟intercept ditch: 截水沟cross slope: 横坡superelevation: 超高flexible pavements 柔性路面 rigid pavements 刚性路面subbase 底基层Portland cement 波特兰水泥，硅酸盐水泥high-early-strength cement 早强水泥bitumi
5、nous material 沥青材料bituminous surface treatment 沥青表面处治mixed-in-place bituminous Pavements (Road Mix) 现场拌制沥青路面(路拌) hot-mix bituminous concrete pavements (Plant Mix)热拌沥青混凝土路面(厂拌)coarse aggregate 粗集料，粗骨料fine aggregate 细集料，细骨料plain concrete 素混凝土reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土compress
6、ive strength 抗压强度 weather resistance 耐候性fire resistance 耐火性workability 和易性curing methods（混凝土的）养护方法water-cement ratio 水灰比tensile strength 抗拉强度concrete slab 混凝土板steam-curing 蒸汽养护steel rods 钢筋reinforcement 钢筋reinforcing steel 钢筋modulus of elasticity 弹性模量elastic strain 弹性应变working loads 使用载荷pre-stressed
7、 concrete 预应力混凝土shear strength 抗剪强度pre-tensioning 先张法post-tensioning: 后张法concrete sleepers 混凝土枕轨hollow beam 空心梁concrete pile 混凝土桩consulting engineer 咨询工程师geological strata 地质层trial pit 探坑bore hole 钻孔bills of quantities 工程量表resident engineer 驻场工程师temporary haul roads:临时运输便道，进料道路drainage system 排水系统hy
8、draulic excavator 液压挖掘机cut-off ditch 截流沟dump truck: 自卸车face shovel excavators:正铲挖掘机drain trenches/ditches 排水沟contractor 承包人，承包商earthworks 土方（工程）caterpillar tractor 履带拖拉机earth settlement 土方沉降formation 路基顶面cantilever bridge 悬臂桥cable-stayed bridge: 斜拉桥long span bridge: 大跨径桥梁abutment 桥台pier 桥墩 concrete
9、spread footings: 混凝土底座，砼扩大基础bearing pile: 支撑桩substructure:下部结构superstructure:上部结构pile cap 桩帽deck type:上承式（桥）through type: 下承式（桥）half-through type: 中承式（桥）reinforced concrete T-beams 钢筋混凝土 T 形梁girder bridge: 梁桥，梁式桥 plate girder：板梁box girder: 箱形梁 cast-in-place concrete deck 现浇桥面tied arch 系杆拱cable-staye
10、d bridge 斜拉桥arch bridge 拱桥bearing 支座lean concrete 贫混凝土mass concrete 大体积混凝土shuttering 模板，支模dead load 静载live load 活载expansion joint 膨胀缝reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土mild steel 低碳钢，软钢simple span 简支跨rigid frame bridge 刚架桥spread footings 扩大基础falsework 脚手架，支架balanced cantilever method 平衡悬臂法inclined cables/stay
11、s; 斜拉索orthotropic deck 正交异性桥面continuous stiffening girders 连续加劲梁cable tower 索塔bedrock: 基岩，岩床pneumatic caisson 气压沉箱 open caisson 沉井structural performancestiffening girder 加劲梁wire rope strand 钢绞线base course 路基层 bearing capacity 承载力 bending moment 弯矩；力矩 bill of quantities 建筑工料清单；工程量清单；工程量表 bituminous m
12、aterial 沥青材料 borrow area 采料区；取土区box girder 箱形主梁；箱形大梁 breaking strength 断裂强度；抗断强度 bridge abutment 桥台 bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck level 桥面 pier 桥墩 bulldozer 推土机 suspension bridge 吊桥，悬索桥 cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥 caisson 沉箱cantilever bridge 悬臂桥 cantilever footing 悬臂基脚cantilever foundation 悬臂基础；悬臂地基
13、carrying capacity承载能力 cast-in-place 现场浇筑 cast-in-situ 现浇；就地浇筑cast-in-situ concrete unit 现浇混凝土组件 cast-in-situ pile 现浇桩 catch pit 集水井；排水井 civil works 土木工程 coarse aggregate 粗集料，粗骨料 cofferdam 围堰 cohesive force 黏合力 cohesive soil 黏性土 compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力；抗压应力 concrete batching 配
14、制混凝土 concrete batching plant 混凝土配料设备；混凝土配料厂concrete cover 混凝土保护层 concrete cube 混凝土立方块concrete cube test 混凝土立方块测试 concrete design 混凝土配合比设计 concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete member 混凝土构件 concrete mix 混凝土拌合料；混凝土配合比；混凝土混合物 concrete mixer 混凝土搅拌机；混凝土拌合机 concrete mixing plant 混凝土拌合机；混凝土拌合厂concrete pile 混凝土桩 con
15、crete pipe 混凝土管 concrete placement 混凝土浇注 concrete slab 混凝土板 concrete sleeper 混凝土轨枕 concrete strength 混凝土强度 concrete structure 混凝土结构；混凝土建造物 concrete vibrator 混凝土振捣器construction cost 建筑成本；建筑费用；造价 environmental impact assessment 环境影响评估 construction joint 施工缝；施工接缝 construction material 建筑材料 construction
16、 sequence 施工程序；施工步骤 construction site 建筑工地 construction stage 施工阶段 continuous beam 连续梁 contour line 等高线contractor 承包商 corrosion of the reinforcing steel 钢筋锈蚀 corrosion protection 锈蚀防护 corrosion resistance 防锈，耐蚀性 corrosion-resistant material 防蚀物料 retaining wall 挡土墙 crane 起重机；吊车 cross section 横截面；横切面 cross sectional area 横截面面积；横切面面积 crown 路拱；拱顶crushed stone 碎石 crusher 碎石机concrete curing time混凝土养护期 cut-and-cover method 随挖随填法 grade separation 立体交叉simple supported girder bridge 简支梁桥
