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1、1现在完成时的讲解和练习现在完成时的讲解和练习 一 基本结构：助动词 have/has+过去分词(done) 二 句型： 否定句：主语 +have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定) 三用法 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 1.I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了 .) 2.Guo zijun has (just/already
2、) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿 ) 3.My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿 ) （2）现在完成时可以 用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的 ,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（ be 动 词表示）常与 for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用 . for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从 以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 199
3、8. 四has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场 ) Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 五现在完
4、成时的标志 1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达 这种含义: (1.) 以 already, just 和 yet 为标志 He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 He hasnt come back yet. 他还没有回来。 (2.) 以 ever 和 never 为标志 This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has never been to Beij
5、ing. 他从没有到过北京。 (3. )以动作发生的次数为标志 He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。2(4.)以 so far（到目前为止） ，before, up to now, in/during the past/last表示一段时间的词语 为标志， He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。 She has passed the exam before. 她之前通过了考试 He hasnt talked with me in the past/three days.
6、2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的 特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。 for+时间段 since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志 注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用 , 如 yesterday,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与 when 连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 六过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加 “ ed ”。 work-work
7、ed-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “ d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y“ 变为 “i“ ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2 、不规则动词：现在完成时练习 (一) A)选用 have, has 填空: 1.I _ to
8、ld him the news. 2.She _ come back from school. 3.You _ won the game. B)按要求改写下列各句: 4.They have bought a computer. (改成否定句) 5.He has lost his book. (先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答) C) 单项选择 6. -Where have you _, Kate? -Ive _ to the bank. A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. been, gone 7. Her grandfather _
9、for two years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died 8. Its six weeks _ I met you last. A. when B. since C. before D. for 现在完成时练习（二） 一、 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D .will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai
10、, has he ? A. already B .never C.ever D. still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years .A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A. has changed ; w
11、ell B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying37、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very n
12、ice film .I_ it twice .A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see 9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago .A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finish
13、edC. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish 11、His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two mo
14、nths .A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 15、It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 16、Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has bee
15、n 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 18、 His uncle_for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 三、 汉译英。 1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一封信。 3、 我父亲以前到过长城。 4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。 6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？ 四 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _(finish) his work today ? Not yet . 3. _ you _(be) to Hong Kon
