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1、1形容词及副词的用法形容词及副词的用法 考点一考点一:形容词形容词 一一.形容词概念形容词概念:形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征主要用作定 语、表语和补足语。二二. 形容词的功能形容词的功能 (1)形容词作定语单个形容词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前。She is a good girl.她是一个好女孩儿。形容词作不定代词的定语时，要放在不定代词的后面。There is nothing important.没有什么重要的事情。enough 作形容词时，放在被修饰的名词的前后均可。We have enough money/money enough to buy every book h
2、ere. (2)作表语. The man is ill. The flower smells sweet. The cotton feels soft. 有些词常作表语常见的有 well,ill 以及 a 开头的部分形容词如 afraid，alike，alive, alone, asleep，awake 等。以 ing 结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以 ed 结尾的形容词通常修饰人，如 interesting(有趣的)，interested(感兴趣的)等。三.形容词的常用句式 (1)“Itsadj.ofsb.不定式”表示“某人做某事”。 这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如： good,
3、 kind, nice, polite, clver, fool ish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wrong 等。 (2)“Itsadj.forsb.不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说”。 这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词，如：important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, dan gerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible 等。 考点二考点二:副词副词一一.副词概念副词概念: 副词是用来修饰动词,形容词,副词,介词短语,或全句的词.二二.副词
4、的构成副词的构成:由“形容词-ly”构成。quickquickly beautifulbeautifully badbadly exactexactly bravebravely happyhappily quietquietly seriousseriously truetruly generalgenerally少数以 ly 结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词，如 friendly(友好的)，deadly(致命的), lively(活泼的), manly(男子气概的)等。以 le 结尾的形容词去 e 加 y. 如：comfortable-comfortably possible-possibly
5、三三.副词的功能副词的功能 (1)用作状语。如：He speaks English _. 他英语说得非常好。2四四.副词的位置副词的位置 (1)副词通常放在被修饰的动词后面。 (2)副词修饰 整个句子时，多数放句首，用逗号隔开。 Eg: Luckily, no one was injured. 五五.副词的排列顺序：副词的排列顺序：(1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 副词 enough 要放在形容词的后面，形容词 enough 放在名词前后都可。六六.兼有两种形式的副词兼有两种形式的副词bad坏，差badly极度，严重close接近地closely仔细地，密切 地 deep深d
6、eeply深深地wide表示空间宽 度widely广泛地high表示空间高 度highly表示程度,相当于 muchhard努力地hardly几乎不loud大声地loudly大声地（喧闹）late晚，迟lately近来 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. The pl
7、ane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 考点三考点三.形容词与副词的比较级形容词与副词的比较级1规则变化 (1)一般在词尾直接加-er 或-est。如： talltallertallest, long_ (2)以不发音的字
8、母 e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加-r 或-st。如： nice_-_ (3)以“辅音字母y”结尾的词，把 y 变为 i，再加-er 或-est。如： busybusierbusiest funny_ (4)在重读闭音节中，若末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 或-est。如：bigbiggerbiggest, hothotterhottest， thin_， fatfatterfattest (5)部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级。如： slowly_， beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifu
9、l2不规则变化3good/wellbetterbest many/muchmoremost ill/bad/badlyworseworst littleless-least farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest bad-worse-worst old-older/elder-oldest/eldest考点四：形容词和副词的比较等级用法：考点四：形容词和副词的比较等级用法：(1) as + 原级 + as （表示双方相等）not as/ so + 原级 +as （表示双方不相等，等于 less + 原级+than）eg：Xiao Wang is as tall
10、as Xiao Lin.1) Mr. Sun speaks English you.（与你一样流利）2) He is as Tom.（他是像汤姆一样诚实的一个男孩）如果出现名词，通常将名词置于比较结构中间。例如：3） I have as many books as Tom.4） I cant drink this.（我不能喝这么甜的咖啡）5） You are as good a student as she.(2)比较级 比较级的修饰语常见的有: rather, much, a great deal, still, even, far, any, a lot, a little, a lot,
11、 a bit, three times 1). Bill earns _ more than his father.A. rather B. many C. quite D. fairly2). If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier timethe+比较级, the+比较级 “越 就越” 比较级 + and + 比较级 “越来越”注意： 要避免重复使用
12、比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is more clever than his brother.(对) He is cleverer than his brother.“倍数倍数”的表达方式的表达方式1. “ times 形容词 / 副词的比较级 than ”2. “ times +as + 形容词 / 副词的原级 as ” 3. “ times + the + 名词（如： size， height， weight， length， width 等） of ” This brige is longer than that
13、one.This bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.(3) 最高级 否定词 + 比较级 = 最高级形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常“。It is a most important problem.4=It is a very important problem. 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostTh
14、is hat is nearly / almost the biggest.1） - What do you think of the film? - I have never seen a _ one.A best B worst C good D worse2）Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. Shanghai is in China.3）This is the best advice I can give you. I cant give you advice.巩固练习一 一. 给出下列词的比较级和最高级原级 比较级 最高级large nice dry thin good bad clever happy heavy fat wellillmanymuchbeautif
