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1、定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中 的关系副词有三个：when, where 和 why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点 和原因状语。其句法结构如下：表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where 指地点，在定语从句
2、中作地点状语。 例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.表原因的名词 reason + why + 定语从句(why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定 语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。) 例句：That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中 why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：That is the reason I did the job.又如： This was
3、 the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视： 1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原 因的名词 reason 在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子： *I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle Sch
4、ool. *This is the hospital where my mother works. *This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday. *The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. *This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office . 2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于 先行词和定
5、语从句中的动词。例如： Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which= when) This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where) Do you know the reason for which he refused to go to Marys birthday party. (for which=why) 有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语 从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结
6、构，而不使用关系副词。例如： My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river. At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhou se. 3) 关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定 语从句。 例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to
7、Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.I dont know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months. 有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象， 是为了平衡句子的语法需要。Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house a nd borrowed a diamond
8、 necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oil.”. 4) “that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when, where、why”和“介词 + which”结构 ，尤其在“the time when”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省 略。I may leave here any time I want to.During the time I was there I visited him twice.This is my second time I h
9、ave come to your country. 5) “which”有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which”在非限制性定语从句中的特殊 使用，如： The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.定语从句专项练习1This is the place_ John was born?Awhich Bwhere C. when Dthat 2. He is the only person _ I want to talk to.A. that B. which C. who D. whose 3I
10、s this problem _the teacher explained last week?A the one Bthat Cwhich Done 4The high building _ stand four policemen is the police stationAwhich Bthat Cin front of it D. in front of which 5My mother will give Mary a model plane_ she will like to playAwhich Bthat Cfor which Dwith which 6The film bro
11、ught the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far away village.Auntil Bthat C when Dwhere 7There are times_ I wonder why I do this job Aas Bwhile Cwhich Dwhen 8After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small to wn_ he grew up as a child Awhich Bwhere C that Dwhen
12、 9They had a long talk about the persons and things_ they both knewAwhom Bwhat C. that Dwhich10That is the very book_ I am looking for.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Das 11Who is the scientist_ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?Athat Bwho C. which Dwhom 12I dont like the way_ you speak to your tea
13、cher A Bin that C. which Dof which 13Could you tell me when to get the book_ I want to read?Awhat Bwho C Dit 14The days_ we spent in Tokyo together will never be forgotten.A. when Bwhich Cwho Don which 15A pen friend of mine_ I often receive letters asked me for some Ch inese coins.Awho Bwhom Cto wh
14、o Dfrom whom 16. Dont forget the day_ you were admitted to Beijing University.Awhen Bthat Cat which D. where 17Perhaps this is the only shop_ you can get such cheap goods.A. that Bof which Cby which Dwhere 18I can still remember the place_ my brother and I used to sit in the evening.Awhich Bwhat C .
15、that Dwhere 19_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As 20All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. what C. that D. which 21He was seriously ill when he was a child, _ made him lose his sight.A. as B. that C. which D. it 22In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ he could turn for hel p.A. that B. to whom C. who D. from whom 23He told the same story _ I told.A. that B. which C. as D. it 24Th
