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1、1直接引语和间接引语引述别人的原话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。一这两种引语都是宾语从句，但 直接引语放在引号内，不用连词连接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句连接. 典型例句：1. She said ,” I like English very much. “ （直接引语）（她说：“我非常喜欢英语”。 ） 典型例句：2. She said she liked English very much. （间接引语）（她说她非常喜欢英语。 ） 直接引语变间接引语（一）直接引语变间接引语（一）人称变化人称变化人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是
2、指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中 的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化Eg：She said. “My brother wants to go with me.” She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰， 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称 Eg：He said to Kate，“How is your sister now?“ He asked Kate how he
3、r sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所 修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化Eg：Mr. Smith said， “Jack is a good worker.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.将下列直接引语变为间接引语1.Miss Gao said,“I like living here.”Miss Gao said that living .2.He said,“Ill go tomorrow.”He said that he . 3.My mother said：
4、“I am going to make dumplings”. _. 4.She said：“I do homework every day.”_. 5.He said：“I will play basketball this night.” _. 直接引语变为间接引语（二）直接引语变为间接引语（二）时态变化时态变化直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时 态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成 一种过去时。1. She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said sh
5、e had lost a pen. 2. She said. “We hope so.” She said they hoped so. 3. She said,“He will go to see his friend。 ”She said he would go to see his friend. (一般将来 过去将来)但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理。Eg： “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told m
6、e. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Eg：Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” 2Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 Eg： Xiao Wang sai
7、d， “I was born on April 20, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。Eg：He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at six every morning.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better，used to)和已经是过去时的形式时， （例：could, should, would, might）
8、不再变。Eg：Peter said， “You had better come have today.” Peter said I had better go there that day. 将下列句子连接成宾语从句1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.
9、3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days. 4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French. 5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games. 6. Have you finished your homework yet?
10、 Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet. 7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture? 8. Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car 直接引语变间接引语(三)句型变化句型：句型： 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由 that 引导的宾语从句。Eg：She
11、said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由 whether 或 if 引导的宾 语从句Eg：He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked m
12、e whether I had finished the homework. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句 必须用陈述句语序） 。 Eg：She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tel
13、l(ask, order, beg 等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。3Eg：“Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句） 。 ”Eg：He said,
14、 “ Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film. He suggested that they should go to see the film. 巩固训练一单项选择( )1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take ( )2 Kate said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has n
15、ever been D. had never been ( )3 the students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has. C. will have D. are ( )4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may ( )5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled ( )6. Can you
