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1、新方舟教育备课教案新方舟教育备课教案初中英语完形填空解题技巧初中英语完形填空解题技巧黄飞黄飞考点分析考点分析: 完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的分值,如果该部分失分严重,会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此,学生必须熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧,同时通过一定量专题练习,提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重,所以必须加大该部分的练习必须加大该部分的练习.一一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法完型填空最常用的四种解题法: 1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明
2、文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口” ，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。二、几种种解题技巧：二、几种种解题技巧：1.词语搭配(1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组
3、的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with(奋力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up 等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift t
4、he box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off 有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。2.语法判定(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：a.名词的选择 b.动词的选用 c.选择介词 d.选择代词 e.选择连词 f.选择形容词和副词(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。b.句子
5、的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。上海中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。(3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。3. 例举对比。在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备” ，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智
6、的选择。三、一般的解题过程是：三、一般的解题过程是：1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。瞻前顾后，分析先行。3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：(1)文章是否顺畅；(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词；(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。4、对应练习：对应练习：（A） You can reach almost any goal if you want tobut sometimes
7、it takes great efforts to realize your dream That was quite true for meWhen I was 17 years old，I broke my fathers_80_He had saved enough from an average income to send me to college to become a lawyerThree months later I was home telling him that I had left college and for the first time I saw him _
8、81_.“Son，Im always going to love you even though youll never achieve anything， he said with tears(眼泪)in his eyes When I walked out of that room，I was burning with something within my bodyNot everyone has the chance to feel itI did not just want to_83_ I had to来源:Zxxk.ComBut I couldnt see how to do i
9、t and all the time my fathers words were in my mind. I become a salespersonIt was not_84_ because I knew almost nothing about marketing. Then a man introduced me to the Edwards training courseI went and learned a lot of useful_84_I tried my best to put them to workSoon after that，I started tasting t
10、he sweet fruits of Success for the first time Some time later，I told the manager of my company that I would like to meet with MrEdwardsThey arranged it for meWhen the day came，I told him， “Mr. Edwards，my goal is to be able to train people just as you trained me _85_，he agreed to let me try All that
11、came true because I set goals to make it happenSticking to the goal was the most important 80A)promise B)record C)heart D)law 81A)shout B)cry C)laugh D)relax 82A)succeed B)argue C)stop D)move 83A)fair B)easy C)serious D)safe 84A)poems B)dialogues C)excuses D)skills 85A)Luckily B)Usually C)Clearly D)
12、Suddenly(B)Tiffany, a 16-year-old girl, was very, shy. Last September, her best friend, Sophie, moved abroad with her family because she had to continue her studies in America. She even said she would not come back for at least a few years. Tiffany became 80 and helpless. “I was really sad the momen
13、t I heard the bad news and I didnt know what to do,“ Tiffany recalled (回忆). “I 81 myself in my room for a whole week. It was then that my aunt took me to a sports club one Saturday and I saw so many young people playing various sports there. I signed up for a beginners course in volleyball and since
14、 then I have been playing this sport. Now I practise twice a week there. It is wonderful playing sports in this club and I have made lots of 82 as well. Whats more, I feel I am much healthier than before.“ The most basic aim of playing sports is that you can improve your health even if you are not v
15、ery good at sports. 83 , you can get to know a circle of people at your age while playing sports. Tiffany used to be a very quiet girl. Since she joined the sports club, she has opened up herself and now she has become very 84 and enjoys meeting and talking with others. For most people, that is one of the attractions of joining a sports club. You can get to know other young people who have similar interests. You dont have to sit down and talk to strangers. You go in for sports and it is easier to understand your partners on the same team. Now Tiffany is quite 85 her friends and she has also
