《专转本从句概述+名词性从句》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专转本从句概述+名词性从句(3页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 从从 句句根据英语从句在句子中的作用,从句可分为三类:根据英语从句在句子中的作用,从句可分为三类: 名词性从句名词性从句 Nominal Clauses 形容词性从句形容词性从句 Adjectival Clauses 副词性从句副词性从句 Adverbial Clauses 名词性从句名词性从句 Including: 主语从句主语从句 Subject Clause 宾语从句宾语从句 Object Clause 表语从句表语从句 Predicative Clause 同位语从句同位语从句Appositive Clause 形容词性从句形容词性从句 Restrictive 限制性定语从句限制性定
2、语从句Non-restrictive 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句 副词性从句副词性从句 Adverbial Clause 状语从句状语从句 1 of Time (时间)(时间) 2 of Place(地点)(地点) 3 of Cause(原因)(原因) 4 of Result(结果)(结果) 5 of Purpose(目的)(目的) 6of Condition(条件)(条件) 7 of Concession(让步)(让步) 8 of Manner(方式)(方式) 9 of Comparison(比较(比较) 10 of Analogy
3、(类比)(类比)从句类型的判定从句类型的判定:看从句在整个句子中处在什么位置上、作什么句子成分。看从句在整个句子中处在什么位置上、作什么句子成分。通常位于句子开头的从句是通常位于句子开头的从句是主语从句主语从句;动词后面的从句是;动词后面的从句是宾语从句宾语从句;系动词后面的从句是;系动词后面的从句是表表 语从句语从句;名词后面的从句只能是;名词后面的从句只能是同位语从句同位语从句或或定语从句定语从句;其它情况则都是;其它情况则都是状语从句状语从句。主语从句引导词主语从句引导词 从属连词从属连词: that, whether 连接代词连接代词: what, which, who, whom 连
4、接副词连接副词: when, where, why, how1 That he is always ready to help others is known to all. 2 In some countries, _ is called “equality” doesnt really mean equal right for equal people.A which B what C that D one宾语从句引导词:宾语从句引导词: 属连词属连词: that, whether, if 连接代词连接代词: what, which, who, whom(词尾加词尾加-ever加强语气加强
5、语气) 连接副词连接副词: when, where, why, how表语从句引导词:表语从句引导词: 从属连词从属连词: that, whether, if连接代词连接代词: what, which, who, whom连接副词连接副词: when, where, why, howThe question is whether we shall stay or not. / how we can get there. / whom he is looking for./ who he is. The reason is (that) he is ill. Thats what they di
6、d. / why I didnt come.同位语从句引导词:同位语从句引导词: 从属连词从属连词: that, whether 连接副词连接副词:when, where, why, how that: 无意义无意义,不做成分不做成分,但不能但不能省略省略.同位语从句所修饰的名词被称为先行词同位语从句所修饰的名词被称为先行词. 常见先行词有:常见先行词有:idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt, question,sign, suspect, 以及表示以及表示“建议、命令、请求建议、命令、请求”的词的词 (后者句中要用虚拟语气后者句中要用虚
7、拟语气). The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the results. There was the question where we were to go. / what we were to do. / when we were to start. / how we could get there. / why we should help them. 引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词:连接词:that, whether, if
8、(不充当从句的任何成分)不充当从句的任何成分) 连接代词:连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词:连接副词:when, where, how, why从属连词 whether.在名词性从句中不担任任何成分,但有词义,做“是否”解一般不可省略。在宾语从句中,常用 if 来代替 whether. 。但若宾语从句做动词 discuss 或介词的宾语或后面紧 跟有 or not,则只可用 whether。 (注意,在其他名词性从句中表示“是否”之意时,只用 whether.)引导名词性从句的 that 和 what That 引导主从,宾从,表从时在句中无词义,只起连接作用.引导宾语从句时 that 可省略.引导主 语从句时常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句.what 引导主从,宾从,表从时,不但起连接作用,而且有具 体意义,意为 the things that (which)所.的人或物.简言之,从句中如果主语或宾语都不缺少时,连 接词用 that,否则用 what.定语从句引导词:定语从句引导词: 关系代词关系代词: who, whom, whose that, which, as 关系副词关系副词: when, where, why = 介词介词+关系代词关系代词