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1、1倒装（教师版）倒装（教师版）英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前, 谓语在后。但是如果把谓语动词放在主语之前, 就叫倒装结构。一.如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 二.如果只把助动词或 be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。三如果只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装，这样的结构叫做形式倒装.下面就以上三种倒装进行讲解并练习。一一. . 全部倒装：全部倒装：1. a）用于）用于 there be 句型。句型。There are many students in the classroom. 主语位于谓语 are 之后。原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in the
2、classroom.There are different forms of energy.b） 在在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用结构中的谓语动词有时不用 be , 而用表示类似而用表示类似“存在存在”观念的其他不及物动词。观念的其他不及物动词。如：如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和和 appear 等。等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years a
3、go there lived an old man in the wooden house.2. 用于用于“(here ,there, now, then，such) + 不及物动词不及物动词 + 主语主语”的句型中。的句型中。a. Here comes the bus. b. There goes the bell. c. Now comes our turn. d. Out went the children. e. Such are his words. f. Such is the story.3. 以以 out, in, up, down, away, ahead,over 等副词开
4、头的句子里面等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。表示强调。 In came the teacher. Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。Ahead sat an old woman.即时练习：1）Here comes an excellent stewardess。来了位优秀的女乘务员。2）Down went the expert. 专家下来了。3）Out rushed the enthusiastic painter. 热情的画家冲了出去。4）_ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat
5、jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat5）Over _ , dead.A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled6)The door opened and there _ .A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered注意：注意：代词作主语时, 主谓语序
6、不变。 Here it is. In he comes. 即时练习：1）Away he went 他出去了。 2）In she came 她进来了。3）.Where is my shirt, mum? _.A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it4）. Where is your father? Oh, _.A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引
7、起全部倒装。也常引起全部倒装。请观察以下句子:To the south of the city lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.总结：划线的均是表示地点状语, 位于句首。即时练习：1）Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man2) _ playing sol
8、diers.A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys4. 有时，句子的主语较长，或是为了强调表语和状语，常将他们放在句首，同时颠倒主语和谓语有时，句子的主语较长，或是为了强调表语和状语，常将他们放在句首，同时颠倒主语和谓语的位置的位置, 使句子平衡。使句子平衡。请观察以下句子:(1) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers
9、, candles and toys.(2) 形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.(3) 过去分词连系动词主语Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.(4) 表示方位的状语+谓语+主语 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.2即时练习：1). _ who was wounded in the s
10、tomach.A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier2）Present at the meeting were President Liu, Professor Zhang and others.出席会议的人有刘主席，张教授和其他人。3）Gone forever are the days when we Chinese were pressed。中国人受压迫的日子已经一去不复返了。4）They arrived a
11、t the space station，inside which stood a robot.他们到达了太空站里面站在个机器人。二：部分倒装二：部分倒装1.用于疑问句。用于疑问句。 Do you speak English?但是疑问句中但是疑问句中, 如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语, 主谓不倒装。主谓不倒装。What happened to her？她出了什么事？How many people are working in that laboratory？有多少人在那间实验室里工作？2.1）用于）用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely
12、, little, rarely, nowhere, at no time, bt no means , in no way, in no case , on no condition, on no account, not only 等否定词开头的句子里。等否定词开头的句子里。请观察以下句子:（1）Never shall I do this again.（2）At no time can you say “no” to the order. （3）Seldom does he eat breakfast.（4） Not only did he speak English correctly,
13、 but also he speaks it fluently 总结：如果 not onlybut also请比较 Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law. 连接的是两个并列的主语不倒装2）用于）用于 No sooner had done sth than did, Hardly /scarcely had when did（以上（以上短语表示短语表示“一一就就”之意）之意） 和和 not until 的句型中。的句型中。No sooner had she gone out than the cl
14、ass began.Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.即时练习：a）Not once _ their plan.A. did they change B. they changed C. changed they D. they did changeb）. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seenc）Seldom _ TV during the day.A. th
15、ey watch B. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they watchd）Nowhere _ as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautiful B. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowers D. so beautiful the flowers weree). Hardly _ his homework when he went out.A. finished he B. he had finished C. did he finish D. had he finishedf).Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom.A. had they; than B. they had; when C. had they; when D. did they; wheng). Not only _ a promise, but also he kept
