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1、高中英语写作教学建议 鲁子问 华中师范大学我国高中英语写作活动的性质 写作教学的两种性质 Learn to write通过听说读写、语法词汇等各种活动，学习如何写作Write to learn通过写作，学习英语语言这里讨论 learn to write.写作的本质 Writing is “an act that takes place within a context, that accomplishes a particular purpose, and that is appropriately shaped for its intended audience”. Writing is a
2、sthe transmittal of knowledge,the creation of knowledge, and a channel for the human imagination.-Hamp-Lyons and Kroll,1997课程标准 6 级的写作要求 1能用恰当的格式写便条和简单的信函； 2能简单地描述人物或事件，并简单地表达自己的意见； 3能用恰当的语言书写问候卡； 4能给朋友、笔友写信，交流信息和情感； 5能对所写内容进行修改。课程标准 7 级的写作要求 1能用文字及图表提供信息并进行简单描述； 2能写出常见体裁的应用文，例如，信函和事物通知等； 3能描述人物或事件，
3、并进行简单的评论； 4能填写有关个人情况的表格，例如，申请表等； 5能以小组形式根据课文改编短剧。课程标准 8 级的写作要求 1能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要； 2能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告； 3能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度； 4能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。课程标准 9 级的写作要求 1能用英文书写摘要、报告、通知和公务信函等； 2能比较详细和生动地用英语描述情景、态度或感情； 3能阐述自己的观点和评述他人的观点，文体恰当，用词准确； 4能在写作中恰当地处理引用的资料及他人的原话； 5能填写各种表格，写个人简历和申请书，用语基本正确、得当； 6能
4、做非专业性的笔头翻译； 7能在以上写作过程中做到文字通顺，格式正确。高考的要求 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节 情景作文（20 分）假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安 排了去北戴河的旅行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，叙述 你从准备到送行的全过程。注意： 1. 周记的开头已为你写好。2. 词数不少于 60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.一、内容要点：1查询信息；2买票；3准备行装；4送行 二、One possible ve
5、rsion: Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two
6、tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, an umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for t
7、hem and wished them a safe journey.第二节 开放作文（15 分） 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于 50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.One possible version:In the picture, between two closely-located buildings grow
8、s a big tree. Unlike most trees, this one bends in the middle, struggling all the way up to get more sunshine. The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions. Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. Life can be hard. But if we have the
9、 courage and determination, we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the picture does.结论 我国高中英语写作本质上是：写话，即把口头的表达用文字记录下来。 属于日常写作（daily writing）不是创作性写作（creative writing），也不是学术 性写作（academic writing）。要求学生语言能力达到略高于中等水平，如 On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I between two clo
10、sely-located buildings grows a big tree, unfavorable, determination 等，都属于略高于中等水平（50%的学生不能自如使 用以上语句和语词）。我国高中英语写作教学的建议 课程标准的写作教学建议 教学目的：表述事实、观点、情感、想象力，交流信息，培养规范的写作习惯。基本技能：整理思路； 组织素材；规划文章结构； 列出提纲；起草文章； 组织语言；遣词造句； 修改文章；正确使用标点符号和字母大小写。课标建议的写作教学活动 常见写作教学方法 词句篇写作法：从词开始训练，然后造句，最后成篇，但并非所有学生都是从 具体到整体的写作认知方式 过
11、程写作法：基于写作思维过程进行写作训练，是写的内在过程的外化，但思 维方式差异很大 结果写作法：基于写作的结果进行写作训练，是按照写作的要求的写作，但结 果未知 范文写作法：是结果写作法的一种特殊形式，基于范文套写，但难以达到高水 平 体裁写作法：基于不同体裁文章的结构特征进行写作训练，高中英语写作体裁 主要是简单记叙文、简单论说文，体裁特征不够显著我的建议：个性化写作 写作是个性化行为，个性化写作才是最佳。 不适合所有学生，适合 upper 65- 45%具体操作建议：扬长、克短、达标 扬长：扬写作风格之长：语言还是意象？整体还是具体？扬语言能力之长：长于遣词造句还是表达观点？ 克短克风格之
12、短，克语言之短 达标达考试之目标，达自我之目标第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节 情景作文（20 分）假设你是红星中学高二（1）班的学生李华，利用上周末的时间帮助祖父母安 排了去北戴河的旅行。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，叙述你从准备到送行的全过程。注意： 1. 周记的开头已为你写好。2. 词数不少于 60。 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe.一、内容要点：1查询信息；2买票；3准备行装；4送行 二、One possible version: Last weeken
13、d, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my gra
14、ndparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, an umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished the
15、m a safe journey.第二节 开放作文（15 分） 请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于 50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.One possible version:In the picture, between two closely-located buildings grows a big tree. Unli
16、ke most trees, this one bends in the middle, struggling all the way up to get more sunshine. The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions. Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. Life can be hard. But if we have the courage and determination, we will finally get the sunshine we want as the tree in the picture does.扬长 情景作文适合言语型、具体型风格的张扬，从语言细节入手（汉语信息
