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1、 透析中考英语语法被动语态考点透析中考英语语法被动语态考点【语态命题趋势与预测语态命题趋势与预测】 根据对语态部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查 重点为： 1.被动语态在各个时态中的用法 2.“get+过去分词 ”结构的用法 【考点诠释考点诠释】一、各种时态的被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，be 随时态的变化而变化，高考对被动语态的考查通常 从以下九种时态人手。 1一般现在时表示现在或经常发生的被动动作时，用一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态 由“amisare+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例 1T
2、he 01ympk Games _every four years. 北京市A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d 答案A 。解析考查被动语态，根据句意，“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现 在时的被动语态，故排除了 B、C、D。 In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings沈阳市 A is giving B is given C will give D has given 答案B。解析本题考查被动语态，句中 a lot of
3、 enjoyment 是动作的承受者。“在这次艺 术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. 南京市A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught 答案D。解析考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的 特性，不能用被动语态。 Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as “Peo
4、ples Writer“.安徽省A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards 答案A。解析 选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。 Usually computers _to search the Internet. 吉林省A. use B. are using C. are used D. used 答案C 。解析从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选 C。 7-Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes. Our classroom _every
5、day. 长沙市A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned 答案C。解析考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特 性，不能用被动语态。 2一般过去时 【考点透视】表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去 时的被动语态由“waswere+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例】一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?一 YesIn fact，it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories
6、 around黄冈市A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas po11ute 答案B。解析考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的 特性，不能用被动语态。 -Our environment is getting worse than before. -Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day哈尔滨市A. is star
7、ted B. was started C. has started 答案B。 解析从句意：“自从地球日开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的 事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为 was started 故选 B。 We _into five groups to go to the old peoples home. We did many things to cheer them up. 太原市A. divided B. are divided C. were divided 答案C。解析本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语 态的
8、形式。由后一句“We did many things”可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选 C。 -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. （江西省）C -Congratulations! A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden(重庆市)D Aplant Bplanted Chave planted D
9、were planted 3一般将来时和过去将来时 【考点透视】表示从现在看将来发生的被动动作，用一般将来时的被动语态；表示从过 去某个时候看今后将要发生的被动动作，用过去将来时的被动语态。一般将来时的被动 语态由“willshall be+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)或 amisare going to be+及物 动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成；过去将来时的被动语态由“would be+及物动词的过去 分词(+by+实施者)或 waswere going to be+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例】Some famous paintings _in t
10、he hall next week. 广东省A. will show B. were shown C. is shown D. will be shown 答案D。解析 本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在此为动作“展出” 的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为 next week，是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时 态是一般将来时，所以 D 项正确。 A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . （天津 人教四年制）BA. given B. will be given C.
11、 has been given D. gives 4现在完成时 【考点透视】表示在过去某个时候发生的被动动作一直延续到现在，且该动作的结果 对现在造成影响，此时用现在完成时的被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态由“hashave been+及物动词的过去分词(+by+实施者)”构成。 【考例】-Great changes have taken place in this city.-Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. （武汉市）BA. turned upB. put upC. shown upD. fixed up5.含
12、有情态动词的被动结构Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. 兰州A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed 答案：D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。 五、被动语态的特殊类型五、被动语态的特殊类型被动语态的特殊类型主要有：1在被动语态中，有时用 getbecome 代替 be，构成 “getbecome+ 过去分词”，这种用法多用于口语中，其后通常不跟 by+实施者，它表示 一种结果或状态，而非动作；2含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词 +be done“； 3带复合
13、宾语句子的被动语态。 【考例】 Do you often clean your classroom? （年湖南长沙）Yes, our classroom _ every day.A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. Cleaned答案为 C。句中有 every day，主语为 our classroom，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。 【语法回顾语法回顾】 1一般现在时的被动语态形式 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。Such songs are usually sung by girls.
14、 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 一般现在进行时的被动语态形式 Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？ How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的？ 现在完成时的被动语态形式 Many foreign films have been
15、 shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来，电视中播放了许多 外国影片。 The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。 Has a new training centre been set up in our city?我们市上新的培训中心建好了吗？ 一般过去时的被动语态形式 The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterd
