高中定语从句集合

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1、2010 高考定语从句集合高考定语从句集合语法 2010-01-14 22:36:37 阅读 202 评论 0 字号：大中小 定语从句-精讲精练 一、定语从句考点：（五大考点，每年必考） （1）考点 1：定语从句的本质 （2）考点 2：用关系代词还是关系副词 （3）考点 3：关系代词和关系副词的特殊情况 （4）考点 4：在“介词+which/whom”的结构中，介词的选择 （5）考点 5：非限制性定语从句 二、-高考英语语法精讲 （1）考点 1：定语从句的本质：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句或形容词从句； 整个从句修饰这一名词被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 a. God helps t

2、hose(先行词) who help themselves（定语从句）. b. I like the girl（先行词） who speaks English very well. c. You must do everything(先行词)that I do .（定语从句） 关系代词和关系副词的作用： 连接作用（连接主句和从句）；替代作用（替代先行词）；成分作用（必须在定语从句中 充当成分） （2）考点 2：用关系代词还是关系副词 定语从句解题技巧：（三步） I找出连接词 II找出主句-分析主句成分-确定从句类型 III立即将先行词直接带入从句-分析从句成分-分析先行词在从句中的成分 关系代

3、词和关系副词关系词 先行词 充当成分 关系代词 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 which 物 主、宾、表 that 人和物 主、宾、表 as 物 主、宾 关系形容词 Whose= of whom/ofwhich 人和物的 定语关系副词 When=at/in/on/duringwhich 时间 时间状语 Where=at/in/towhich 地点 地点状语 Why=for which 原因 原因状语注意：1.关系词所做的成分关键是由从句中的动词来决定This is the place where we work.(vi) This is the place which we vis

4、ited.(vt) 2.当先行词为时间名词（如 time, day, year, week, month, occasion） 用关系副词 when,但关系副词只能做状语，如果从句中缺主语或宾语则要用 that。当先行词为地点名 词（如：place ,room, city, country, situation, case, scene）时，用关系副词 where, 但此时只能做地点状语，如果定语从句缺主语或宾语就要用 that 。 （07 安徽卷：）-Do you have anything to say for yourselves?-Yes, this is the only one p

5、oint _we must insist on.A. which B. that C. where D. when 答案:A （07 全国卷）Some pre-school children go to a day care center;_ they learn simple games and songs.A. then B. there C. while D. where 答案:D(07 天津卷)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing

6、. A. when B. whose C. which D. where 答案:D(05 广东卷) Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger.A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 答案:A(05 江苏卷)The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cro

7、ss-river traffic is the heaviest.A. which; where B. at which; which C.at which; where D.which; in which 答案:C （3）考点 3：关系代词和关系副词的特殊情况 1指物时只用 that，不用 which 的情况： （代高序修饰时） 1) 当先行词为 all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的已经做了。

8、There must be something that happened to you. 你一定出了什么事。 2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级或 the last, the only ,the very,等修饰。That is the only way that leads to your success. 那是通向你成功的唯一之路We have to consider the first thing that starts our work.我们必须要考虑启动我们工作的第一件事。This is the most impressive TV theater that has never b

9、een put on show before. 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。3).在疑问词 who, what, which 开头的句子中。（避免歧义）Who is the girl that is talking with Mr.Brown. 4).定语从句为 there be 句型，也可以省略。This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing . 5). 当先行词既指人又指物时。 We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited. 6).当

10、关系代词在定语从句中做表语。China is not the country(that)it was.Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. 2. 只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况。 1). 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。 Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking. Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry. 2).在介词后面:介词+which (先行词是物)The world in wh

11、ich we live is made of matter. 注意:若介词在从句中而没有直接在关系词后,可以用 which 或 that. 例如:The world that we live in is made of matter. 3.指人时只能用 who 不用 that 的情况. 1)先行词为 one,ones 或 anyone.(避免歧义) 2)先行词为 those.(避免歧义)God helps those who help themselves.(天助自主者) 3)主句是 there be . Eg:There is a man who called himself Mr.Wu a

12、t the gate. 4)在非限制性定语从句中 注意:4. “the same as”. Such/soas”中的 as 可以指人或物,作从句的主语、宾语、 表语或介词的宾语。 如：Such money as he earned was spent on spirits and tobacco.Is this the same mosquito as bit you just now? He was not half such a coward as we took him for. 相关考点： 1So/suchthat (状语从句) She is so beautiful a girl t

13、hat I love her so much.(状语从句) She is so beautiful a girl as I love so much .（定语从句） 2.as 的考点总结：as 可以作为关系代词引导限定性定语从句、非限制性定语从句。例如： 限定性定语从句（常用于 such/soas 和 the same 。as 等句式中 ）Such points as youve mentioned are really important in solving the problem. 你提到的这些方面在解决这个问题上的确很重要。People such as you describe are

14、 rarely seen nowadays. 你描述的这种人现在很少见了。This computer has the same functions as that one has. 这台计算机有着和那台计算机一样的功能。 非限制性定语从句（as 可以作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时，as 指代整个主句： 也就是说，将整个主句看成一件事或是一个事实；并对其进行补充说明。这种非限制性定 语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。）As I know, she hasnt got married.如我所知，她还未结婚。 They won the first place in the game,

15、 as could be expected.可以预料，他们在比 赛中得了第一。 Professor Li is extremely popular among students, as is known to all of us .如 我们大家所知，李教授极受学生们的欢迎。 5.当其先行词是 reason 时，关系副词用 why(=for which )或 that 引导表示原因的定 语从句。(相关考点：名词从句）当主句主语是 reason 时，作主句表语的成分不能有 because 或 because of 。其结构一般为 the reason whyis that, the reason

16、that is that , He did not tell us the reason why he was late again. The reason why (that) he didnt come is that he was ill. Didnt tell her the reason why he was so happy. 他没有告诉她为什么他那么高兴的原因The reason why she was late is not so acceptable. 她迟到的原因不那么令人接受。They explained the reason to us why they had misunderstood us before. 他们向我们解释为什么他们以前误解了我们的原因。 6当 way 表示方式作先行