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1、1状语从句（二）状语从句（二）六、目的状语从句六、目的状语从句。常用引导连词有：so that, in order that, in case, lest, for fear that.等。(1) so that, in order that 意为“以便，为了，目的是” 。引导的从句常与 can, could, may, might, would 等情态动词连用。如：They are hurrying so that they may not miss the train. 他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。She got up early so that she could catch the f
2、irst bus. 她起得很早以便能赶上第一班车。You must speak louder in order that you can be heard by all.(2) in case “以防，以免” ，lest, for fear that 意为“唯恐，生怕，为.起见” 。 引导的目的状语从句多用虚拟语气, 即“should+动原动原” 如： He ran away lest he (should) be caught. 他跑掉了，唯恐被抓住。 Youd better take an umbrella in case it (should) rain. 你最好带把伞以防下雨。 The
3、y talked in low voice for fear that they should walk up the child. 注意注意: （1）that, so that 引导的目的状语从句不能放句首，只能放在主句之后，in order that 引 导的目的状语从句既能放主句后也能放句首。 （2）当主从句主语相同时，that, so that，in order that 引导的目的状语从句能分别转化为 to do , so as to do , in order to do 引导的状语。 Betty got up early that/so that /in order that s
4、he might catch the early bus. Betty got up early to /so as to/ in order to catch the early bus. (3) in case 既可以引导目的状语从句，用虚拟语气；也可以引导条件状语从句，用陈述 语气。它既可以放主句后，也可放句首。 Youd better take an umbrella in case it should rain / rains. Better take more clothes in case the weather should become /becomes cold. In c
5、ase the weather becomes cold, better take more clothes. Cf. in case of +名词名词（词组）7、结果状语从句结果状语从句。常用引导词有:that ,so that（所以，结果.） ；so.that, such.that, such that（如此.以致于） 。如：She got up early, so that she caught the first bus. 她起得很早，结果赶上了第一班车。He was so honest that we all trust him.He was so honest a man that
6、 we all trust him.He was such an honest man that we all trust him. 注意：（1）so 和和 such 搭配名词时的用法。搭配名词时的用法。so 和 such 都可以与单数名词连用。so + adj+ a(n) +单数名词: eg. so beautiful a girl（中心词为形容词）such + a(n) + adj +单数名词: eg. such a beautiful girl（中心词为名词） 与复数名词/不可数名词连用时，只能用 such:2such + adj +复数名词/不可数名词: eg. such beauti
7、ful girls, such fresh food 表示如此多，如此少只能用： so many/few+复数名词 so much/little+不可数名词: eg. so many students ， so little education（2）so 与 such 位于句首，主句要用部分倒装。So fast did he speak that we could hardly follow him.（3）so that 既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时， 有情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中没有情态动词，主从句间有逗号。 试比较试比较：She got up e
8、arly so that she could catch the first bus. 她起得很早以便能赶上第一班车。 （目的状语从句） She got up early, so that she caught the first bus. 她起得很早，结果赶上了第一班车。 （结果状语从句）8、方式状语从句方式状语从句。常用引导词有：as ，just as（按照，依照；就像，如同，正如） ；as if /though（好像，仿佛，似乎.) 等。但 as if /though 引导的从句一般要用虚拟语气。 We have changed the plan as you suggested. 我已
9、经按照你的建议改变了计划。 She speaks as if she knew everything in the world. 他滔滔不绝，好像什么都懂似的。 They are talking as if they had been friends for years. 他们侃侃而谈，好像是多年的朋友似的。 注意：注意：as if /though 引导的从句如果表示事实，则用陈述语气。如：It gets darker and darker in the sky as if it is going to rain.九、让步状语从句。常用引导词有：九、让步状语从句。常用引导词有：although
10、（通常放句首）, though , as (尽管，虽然）; in spite of the fact that; even if/ though（虽然，即使） ；whatever（不论什么，不管什么）, however（不论，尽管.),wherever(不管哪里),whoever(不管是谁) ，whetheror(不论还 是), while（通常放句首）等. 注意注意： （1） as 引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构，即把从句中的表语，状语，动词放到句首。though 可以倒装也可以不倒。 Child as she is, she knows a lot. Hard as he works, h
11、e makes little progress. (2)In spite of the fact that+ 句子 In spite of/despite（介词）+ 名词(词组) (3) 连词 However + 形形/副副 = No matter how + 形形/副副 However troublesome the problem is, he always faces it with patience. 不管问题多么棘手，他总是耐心面对。 (4) Whether it shines or rains, I will go there tomorrow. (不管还是)3(5) While
12、I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cannot be soloved.【巩固练习巩固练习】 Task 1：Complete the following sentences with conjunctions（连词）. (1) I havent heard from him _ he went to America (2) _difficult the problem is, he will try to solve it. (3) We found the key _ she had left it
13、. (4) He speaks English _ he were an English man. (5) He is explaining clearly _they could understand. (6) The students did the experiment _ the teacher told them. (7) _ he is poor, he never gives up his dream.Task 2：Multiple choice. (状语从句练习题状语从句练习题) 1._ I get to Pairs, Ill call you up at the airpor
14、t. A. Since B. While C. Once D. Although 2. _ the headmaster comes, we wont discuss this plan. A. Unless B. If not C. Except D. Whether 3. Bill must have been away from the office. _how many times I phoned him, nobody answered it. A. Whatever B .No matter C. In spite of D. Though 4. I had been to Be
15、ijing long _ you visited it. A. before B. till C. after D. when 5._ , he is good at drawing. A. To be a child B.A child as he is C. As a child D. Child as he is 6. Dont be discouraged _ you have fallen behind others. A. whether B. as if C. even if D. however 7. We can get there on time _ the car doesntt break down. A. while B. as long as C. so that D. even if 8. The vase on the left is _ than the one on the right, and not _ as the right one . A. more nicer；so expensive B. much more better；as expensive C. nicer；as expensive D. better；such exp
