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1、名词性从句名词性从句( (最新最新) )2009 年高考英语第二轮热点专题复习-名词性从句（最新）考情分析名词性从句是历年高考的重点和难点也是热点。名词性从句相当于名词，可用作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。引导名词性从句的连接词有：连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which，有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等；连接副词：when, where, why, how，有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语；连接词：that, whether, if, as if，if (whether), as
2、if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分；that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略。名词性从句重点与难点：一、that 从句作主语和宾语时，常用 it 作形式主语，将从句放在句末e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.She has seen to it that all the children are well taken care of.二、that 引导名词性从句的省略情况1、that 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last w
3、eek made us surprised.2、that 引导宾语从句时一般可省略，但在以下几种情况中不能省略。1）当 that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时不能省略；2）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时不能省略； 3）当 that 作介词宾语时不能省略。e.g. He judged that, because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that
4、she works harder than the others do. 三、名词性从句中的语序名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。e.g. He asked how much I paid for the violin.四、名词性从句中的时态呼应在名词性从句中，谓语动词的时态要与主句谓语动词的时态相一致。e.g. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when you will come and see him.He kept looking at her, wondering whether he had seen her somewhere.Can yo
5、u make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?五、名词性从句中虚拟语气的使用情况1、在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求“的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形“形式，should 可以省略。e.g. I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once.I suggested that he (should) go there at once.The suggestion was that he (should) go there at once.2、wish 引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，分
6、与现在、过去、将来相反三种情况。e.g. I wish I were ten years younger.I wish you had posted the letter yesterday.I wish I would try again.3、在句型“It + is/was + adj.+主语从句“中，如果形容词是important, strange, natural, necessary 等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形“形式，should 可以省略。e.g. Its strange that he (should) think so.It is necessary that
7、he (should) go there at once.六、引导同位语从句与定语从句的 that 的区别 同位语从句中的连词 that 只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分且不能省略，同位语从句一般放在有具体含义的名词后，用以解释名词的含义或内容；而定语从句中的关系代词 that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，在充当宾语时常可省略，定语从句是对先行词的限定和修饰。e.g. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope she expressed is that they would come to
8、 visit China again.七、引导名词性从句的 that 和 what 的区别that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用, 且在宾语从句中有时可省略；而 what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。e.g. That he said so made us angry .What he said at the meeting made us angry.China is no longer what it used to be.八、疑问词 + ever 和 no matter + 疑问词的区别1、疑问词 + ever 既可引
9、导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。e.g. Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished.2、no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。e.g. No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. No matter what you do, you must do it well. 方法技巧点拨一、学习定语从句应达到的能力要求1、掌握不同的连接词的用法。2、能够区分四种名词性从句。3、能够区分名词性从句
10、和定语从句。二、解题思路高考中考查名词性从句时，经常考查连接词的选用。解题时应先判断从句的类型，然后判断从句是否缺少成分以及意义是否完整，最后根据引导名词性从句的连词的特点确定特定的连接词。高考试题分析1. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （2008 山东）A. It B. This C. What D. As解析 C she told me 是插入语，可删除。what 引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语。2. The companies are working together to create _ they
11、hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008 北京）A. which B. that C. what D. who解析 C create 后为宾语从句，从句中 they hope 是插入语，可删除，因为从句中缺少主语，所以用 what 引导该从句。3. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.（2008 天津）A. where B. how C. when D. why解析 C was 后为表语从句，此处 w
12、hen 与 the last time 相呼应，根据句意可排除其他选项。4. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about _ he will do or think.(2008 上海)A. what B. which C. whom D. that解析 A 介词 about 后为宾语从句，从句中动词 do 与 think缺少宾语，所以用 what 引导该从句；which“哪一个“、whom“谁“与句意不符，可排除；that 引导宾语从句时不充当成分，也可排除。5. Some children want to challenge t
13、hemselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. (2008 浙江)A. what B. that C. which D. one解析 A from 后为宾语从句，从句中动词 speak 缺少宾语，所以用 what 引导该从句。6. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008 福建）A. It B. WhatC. As D. Which解析 B 从第二个 is 可知它
14、的前面是主语从句，后面是表语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，所以用 what 引导；若去掉第二个is，则选 A 项。7. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. （2008 湖南）A. what B. why C. whom D. which解析 A 此句中 When asked =When they were asked，asked后为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语所以用 what 引导该从句。8. People in Chongqing are proud of _ th
15、ey have achieved in the past ten years. （2008 重庆）A. that B. which C. what D. how解析 C 介词 of 后为宾语从句，此处用 what 引导宾语从句，在从句中充当宾语。9. Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher. （2008 安徽）A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long解析 A finding out 后为宾语从句，根据句意只能用 how far“到什么程度或范围“引导该从句。10. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? （2008 陕西）A. what B. which C. that D. where解析 D idea 后为同位语从句，表示 idea 的具体内容，根据句意从句中缺少地点状语，所以用 where 引导。11. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood he
