《高中语法动词记忆口诀》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中语法动词记忆口诀（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、情态动词记忆口诀: 情态动词两要点;动词原形跟后面,说话语气较委婉,can 表“能力“may“许可“,must“责任“或“义 务“,否定回答“neednt“换;should“应该“,would“愿“,have to “被迫“表客观. 注释:对 must 构成的一般疑问句作否定回答只能用 neednt.情态动词有 can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to 等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动 词原形构
2、成谓语 一、 can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能） 。 Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） Mary can speak three languages.（知识） Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用 be able to 代替。Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而 be able to 则有更多的时 态。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用 be able to，不能用 Can。如： He was able to go to the party
3、yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示请求和允许。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此时可与 may 互换。在疑问句中还可用 could, might 代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉， 不能用于肯定句和答语中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力） 。 Theyve changed the timetable, s
4、o we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度） ，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 二、 may, might 1) 表示请求和允许。might 比 may 语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用 cant 或 mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 -Might/ May I smoke in this room? - No, you
5、 mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用 May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用 Can I.？在口语中更常见。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句） 。 might 不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。 1He may /might be very busy now. 2Your mother may /might not know the truth. 三
6、、 must, have to 1) 表示必须、必要。 You must come here on time. 在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用 mustnt（禁止，不准） ，而用 neednt, dont have to（不必）. - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to / you neednt. 2) must 是说话人的主观看法， 而 have to 则强调客观需要。Must 只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。 1 His play i
7、snt interesting, I really must go now. 2 I had to work when I was your age. 3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句） 1 Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 2 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 3. The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 马路湿了，昨晚一定下雨了。 （must 加完成 式，说明对过去事物的推测，表示“一定”
8、或“准是”的意思。 ）四、need need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to, should 代替。 1You neednt come so early. 2. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 3) need 作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。 1.The house needs to be painted. 2. The house needs painting. 3. He needs to finish h
9、is homework today. 五、 shall 1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? 2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 1. You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告) 2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) 3. He shall be punished.(威胁) 六、 will, would 1) 表示请求、建议等，would 更委婉。 Will / Would you
10、 pass me the ball, please? 2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。 1. I will never do that again. 2. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3) would 表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would 表示过去习惯时比 used to 正式，且 没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. 2. The wound would not heal. 4) 表示估计和猜想。 It would be about
11、 ten oclock when she left home. 七、 should, ought to 1) should, ought to 表示“应该”，ought to 表示义务或责任，比 should 语气重。 1. I should help her because she is in trouble. 2. You ought to take care of the baby. 2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to 可通用，但在疑问句中常用 should。 1. You should / ought to go to class right away. 2.
12、 Should I open the window? 3) 表示推测 should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。 1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家) 2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定) 3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽) 4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)总结总结 一、猜测一、猜测: must, may, might, can, could must 只能用于肯定句只能用于肯定句
13、,非常肯定的猜测非常肯定的猜测 may 只能用于肯定句只能用于肯定句,表示可能的猜测表示可能的猜测 can 只能用于否定只能用于否定/疑问句疑问句,过去时用过去时用 could should 表示预测表示预测“应当应当”二、情态动词否定式的常考点有：二、情态动词否定式的常考点有： mustnt 禁止、严禁、不准禁止、严禁、不准neednt 不必要、没必要不必要、没必要(=dont have to) cant 不可能不可能 may not 可能不、或许不可能不、或许不 shouldnt 不应该（不应该（=ought not to )三、情态动词三、情态动词+ have done 表示表示对过去发
14、生对过去发生的事情的的事情的推测推测,批评批评,反悔反悔等意等意 should have done 本应该做而没做本应该做而没做 ought to have done 本应该做而没做本应该做而没做 could have done 本可以做而没做本可以做而没做neednt have done 不必做的做了不必做的做了 may/ might have done 可能做了某事可能做了某事(猜测猜测) must have done 一定做了一定做了(猜测猜测)cant have done 一定没有做一定没有做(猜测猜测)练习题练习题 1)A computer _think for itself, it
15、 must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not 2).The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 3)-Where is my uncle, Mary?-He _ in the bedroom. A. must have been B. must be C. may have been D. should have been 4)Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will 5) -That must be a mistake.-No, it _ a mistake. A. must not be B. neednt be C. can not be D. would not be 6) Its nearly 7 oclock. Dad _ come home soon.A. can B. coul
