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1、 学贵有恒学贵有恒 第 1 页 坚持梦想坚持梦想2015 高考英语语法最后高考英语语法最后 30 天精讲精练天精讲精练基基 本本 句句 型型英语的五种基本句型结构：英语的五种基本句型结构： 主语 + 不及物动词 (SV) 主语 + 连系动词 (SVC) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (SVO) 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVOD) 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC) S + VHe works. He is studying. 主语 谓语(vi.) 状语(从句)The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere 主语
2、谓语(vi.) 名词短语We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.2. S + V + CHe is a student / in yellow / there 主语 + be + 表语 表语由下列词充当：名词、形容词、副词、介词（短语） 、动词不定式、分词（短语） 、动名词、从句等 主语 + 其它连系动词 + 表语 这些连系动词包括：appear,continue, feel, go(变成), keep, lie(处于状态), look, prove, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste,
3、become, come, fall, get, grow, turnBob lay sick.His dream comes true.3. S + V + OAn idea struck me. 主语 谓语(v. + prep) 宾语It depends on the weather. 备用词：act as, agree on / with / to,arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel a
4、bout, worry about 主语 谓语(v. + adv.) 宾语I thought over the plan. I thought it over.备用词：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give inNOTICE: v + adv. + prep. get along with, add up to, do away with,break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with v. + n. + prep make use of,
5、make fun of, catch sight of,take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in 主语 谓语 宾语 介词 宾语学贵有恒学贵有恒 第 2 页 坚持梦想坚持梦想The teacher punished him for being late.Congratulate him on his success. Compare this with that.4. S + V + O + D (间接宾语由代词和名词充当) 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语Will you lend me your p
6、en, please ?She bought him many toys. 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 介词 + 代词或名词Will you lend your pen to me, please ?She bought many toys for him.备用词：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave5. S + V + O + C 宾语和宾补之间的关系有两种： 主表关系； 主谓关系。宾语可由形容词、副词、介词、动词不定式充当主表： I find the book interesting. (主谓宾形容词) I
7、saw him there. (主谓宾副词) I found the book on the desk. (主谓宾介词) We elected him monitor. (主谓宾名词)主谓：They saw the thief running away. (主谓宾 + 现在分词）Where did you see him knocked down? (主谓宾过分词) What makes you think so ? (主谓宾动词不定式)It 句型句型1. It + be + adj. + (for sb) to do sth sth + be + adj. + to do It is not
8、 easy to learn English. (English is not easy to learn.)备用词：difficult, necessary, important, quick, hard, etc.2. It + be + adj. + of sb to do sth sb. + be + adj. + to do sthIt was foolish of Tom to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire.(Tom was foolish to sell such a suit as that to a millionaire
9、.)备用词：wise, clever, bright, kind, nice, silly, stupid, cruel, etc.3. It takes sb + some time + to do sth sb spends time in doing sthIt took him two days to find the elephant.(He spent two days in finding the elephant.)4. It is no use doing sth.It is no use regretting your past mistakes.备用词：no good,
10、useless, etc.5. It costs sb. + money + to do sth 学贵有恒学贵有恒 第 3 页 坚持梦想坚持梦想It cost them 36,000 francs to buy the necklace. The necklace cost them 36,000 francs .They spent 36,000 franc on the necklace.They spent 36,000 francs (in) buying the necklace.They paid 36,000 francs for the necklace.They bought
11、 the necklace for 36,000 francs.6. It + be + adj. (n.) + that-clauseIt is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.备用词：natural, surprising, true, wonderful, etc.7.It + be + adj. + that-clause (should do sth)It is necessary that he (should) be prese
12、nt at the meeting.备用词：strange, important,impossble8. It + be + p.p. + that-clauseit is said that he has been ill for years. (He is said to have been)备用词：reported, known, believed, decided, announced, etc.9. It + be + p.p. + that-clause (should do sth.)It is demanded that the homework (should) be fin
13、ished at once.备用词：ordered, suggested, required, requested, etc.10. It seems + that-clause sb. + seems + to do sth.It seems that they are talking. (They seem to be talking.)备用词：happen11. It is + some time since-clause sb. has + p.p. + for timeIt is three years since he came here. (He has been here fo
14、r years.)12. It is + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that (who)It is through struggle that we learn this truth.13. It + be time + for sth / to do sth. / that-clauseIt is time for supper. It is time to have supper.It is time that we should have supper.It is time that we had supper.14. It + be + long(时间段）时间段）+ before-cl
15、auseIt will not be long before we turn our hope into reality.15. It is (just) like sb. to do sth.学贵有恒学贵有恒 第 4 页 坚持梦想坚持梦想该句型为“某人（恰恰）是。 。 。这个样子” 。用来表示赞扬或不满，若用否定式，则表 示怀疑。 Its like him to leave the work to others. 他就是这样的一个人，把工作推给别人。 It isnt like him to have said anything like that.他可不是说出那种话的人。16. It is up to sb. to do sth. 该句型为“该由某人做。 。 。 ” 。该句型中 up 后的 to 是介词。There Be 结构结构1、主谓一致：、主谓一致：There is a pen and two books on the desk.2、反意问句：、反意问句：There used to be a well there, use(d)nt / didnt there?3、各种时态：、各种时态：There will be a film this afternoo
