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1、 1One phase of the business cycle is the expansion phase. This phase is a twofold one, including recovery and prosperity, during the recovery period there is ever-growing expansion of existing facilities, and new facilities for production are created. More businesses are created and older ones expan
2、ded. Improvements of various kinds are made. There is an ever increasing optimism about the future of economic growth. Much capita is invested in machinery or “heavy“ industry. More labor is employed. More raw materials are required. As one part of the economy develops. Other parts are affected. For
3、 example. A great expansion in automobiles results in an expansion of the steel, a great expansion in automobiles results in an expansion of the steel, glass, and rubber industries. Roads are required. Thus the cement and machinery industries are stimulated. Demand for labor and materials results in
4、 greater prosperity for workers and suppliers of raw materials, including farmers. This increases purchasing power and the volume of goods bought and sold.Thus prosperity is diffused among the various portions of the population. This prosperity period may continue to rise and rise without on apparen
5、t end. However. A time comes when this phase reaches a peak and stops spiraling upwards. This is the end of the expansion phase.1.which of the follow statement is the best example of the optimism mentioned in line 8 of the passage as being part of the expansion phase?(A) Pubic funds are designated f
6、or the construction of new highways designated to stimulate tourism.(B) Industrial firms allocate monies for the purchase of machine tools.(C) The prices of agricultural commodities are increased at the producer level(D) Full employment is achieved at all levels of the economy(E) As technology advan
7、ce，innovative businesses replace antiquated firms2.it can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that(A) when consumers lose their confidence in the marker，a recession follows(B) Cyclical ends to business expansion are normal(C) Luxury goods such as jewelry are unaffected by industria
8、l expansion(D) With sound economic policies, prosperity can become a fixed pattern(E) The creation of new products is essential for prosperity3.which of the following statements would be most likely to begin the paragraph immediately following the passage?(A) Union demands may also have an effect on
9、 business cycles(B) Some industries are, by their very nature, cyclical, having regular phases of expansion and recession(C) Inflation is a factor that must be taken into consideration in any discussion of the expansion phase(D) The farmers role during the expansion phase is of vital importance(E) T
10、he other phase of the business cycle is called the recession phase.Answer Key1 b 2b 3e2.Platowho may have understood better what forms the mind of man than do some of our contemporaries who want their children exposed only to real people and everyday eventsknew what intellectual experiences make for
11、 true humanity. He suggested that the future citizens of his ideal republic begin their literary education with the telling of myths, rather than with mere facts or so-called rational teachings. Even Aristotle, master of pure reason, said: The friend of wisdom is also a friend of myth.Modern thinker
12、s who have studied myths and fairy tales from a philosophical or psychological viewpoint arrive at the same conclusion, regardless of their original persuasion. Mircea Eliade, for one, describes these stories as “models for human behavior that, by that very fact, give meaning and value to life.“ Dra
13、wing on anthropological parallels, he and others suggest that myths and fairy tales were derived from, or give symbolic expression to, initiation rites or rites of passage-such as metaphoric death of an old, inadequate self in order to be reborn on a higher plane of existence. He feels that this is
14、why these tales meet a strongly felt need and are carriers of such deep meaning.Other investigators with a depth-psychological orientation emphasize the similarities between the fantastic events in myths and fairy tales and those in adult dreams and daydreams -the fulfillment of wishes, the winning
15、out over all competitors, the destruction of enemies-and conclude that one attraction of this literature is its expression of that which is normally prevented from coming to awareness.There are, of course, very significant differences between fairy tales and dreams. For example, in dreams more often
16、 than not the wish fulfillment is disguised, while in fairy tales much of it is openly expressed. To a considerable degree, dreams are the result of inner pressures which have found no relief, of problems which beset a person to which he knows no solution and to which the dream finds none. The fairy tale does the opposite: it projects the relief of all pressures and not only offers ways to solve problems but promises that a “happy“ solution will be found.We cannot control what goes
