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1、高中英语高中英语 定语从句精讲精练定语从句精讲精练 定语从句定语从句 （学生版）（学生版）【知识储备知识储备】1、关系代词/副词的三大功能。2、先行词为时间、地点名词时的两种不同选择。3、 “介词+which”与 when, where 和“介词+what” 。4、限制性与非限制性定语从句。5、as 和 which 引导的非限制性从句之异同。6、关系代词的省略。7、定语从句与同位语从句之区别。8、定语从句与强调句型之区别。9、where, when 引导定语从句与其连接的状语从句之辨别。1 1、关系代词、关系代词/ /副词的三大功能。副词的三大功能。1.Her sister has becom
2、e a lawyer, _she wanted to be. (05 年高考湖北卷第 29 题)A. who B .that C .what D. which2._I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.(05 年高考浙江卷第 17 题)A. When B. After C. As D. Since3.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _they ar
3、e being trained. A. in that B. for that C .in which D. for which4.-Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one _you know I used to work for years. (05 福建A. that B. which C. where D. what5.He was educated at a local grammar school, _he went on to Cambridge. (05 年高考山东卷第 30 题)A. from
4、 which B. after that C. after which D. from this6.Last month, parts of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _effects the people are still suffering. (05)A. that B. whose C. those D. what7.If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A .that B. which C.
5、 when D. where8.I have many friends, _some are businessmen. (05 年高考全国卷 I 第 24 题)A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom9.I walked in our garden, _Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. 05 年A. which B. when C. where D. that10.What surprised me was not what he said but _he said
6、 it. (04 年高考湖北卷第 29 题)A. the way B .in the way that C. in the way D. the way which2、先行词为时间名词、地点名词和、先行词为时间名词、地点名词和 reason 时，是选用关系代词，关系副词还是时，是选用关系代词，关系副词还是“介词介词+which”呢？呢？在考查定语从句时往往结合一定的情景，因此，在解答时，必须根据情景和结构功能来选择所给的引导词。同时，还必须牢记一条：引导词不一定都是由先行词的定义来确定的，而是由先行词在定语从句中作什么成分来确定的。换句话说，先行词是表示时间的词，关系词不一定都是 when,先
7、行词是表示地点的词，关系词有时非 where,先行词是 the reason 时，关系词 why 决非唯一。我们应仔细分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分。I still remember the days _we spent in the countryside ten years ago.A. when B. on which C. that D. for whichDays, _I visited ten years ago, has turned big city.A. where B .x C. which D. to whichHave you asked her for the r
8、eason _may explain for her absence?A. why B. that C. x D. for whichThe days are gone forever _we didnt have enough to eat.A. since B. that C. where D. whenThis is the very place _the anti-Japanese soldiers fought over 60 years ago.A. that B. which C. where D .there3、定语从句必须修饰一个名词或代词，没有先行词的定语从句是不可想象的。
9、有时，先行定语从句必须修饰一个名词或代词，没有先行词的定语从句是不可想象的。有时，先行词并非一个词乃为一个完整的句子。词并非一个词乃为一个完整的句子。1、He lives in _is called Da Quangou. 2.Do you know the place in _he used to live? 3.Is there a hospital around _I can buy some medicine for cough? 4.The hospital is built on _ was a field?5. The hospital is built _ it was a h
10、ospital.6.He is still working _he has worked for ten years. A. where B. what C. that D. which4、as 和和 which 引导的非限制性从句之异同引导的非限制性从句之异同（1）as 和 which 都可以在定语从句中作主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：He married the girl, as / which was natural.（2）as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，甚至还可以分割主句，且常见于 as is known, as sb. can know, as sb. kno
11、w, as is well known, as it is, as is said above 等句型中。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如”， “好象”的含义。如：As is known to all, China is a developing country. He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which
12、 I dont believe.（3）当定语从句的结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”时，常用 which.如：He came late this morning, which made the teacher very angry.（4）当先行词由 such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用 as。如：This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：当先行词由 the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that 引导定语从句，但与 as 引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：She wore the same dress that she wore at
13、Marys wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的用一条连衣裙。She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。5 5、定语从句与同位语从句之区别、定语从句与同位语从句之区别（1）定语从句修饰先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，它与先行词是同位关系。The plane that has just taken off is for Beijing.The fact that he has already died is quite clear（2）定语从句的关系词在从句中担当
14、相应的句子成分，同位语从句主要由连接词 that 引导，在从句中一般不充当成分；有时也由 where, how, when, who, whether, what 等连词引导。但其说明之词并非时间、地点、方式等名词。The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.I have no idea when he will come back.6 6、定语从句与强调句型之区别
15、、定语从句与强调句型之区别关键是要抓住强调句型的特点，去掉 it is (was) that 后，看这个句子经过整理后是否仍然成立，而在定语从句中 that 是在从句中充当一定的成分的，若去掉 that 句子是不成立的。It is the factory where I worked ten years ago.It is in the factory that he works.7 7、where,where, whenwhen 引导定语从句与其连接的状语从句之辨别引导定语从句与其连接的状语从句之辨别当 where、when 从句是定语从句时，其前必有一地点名词、时间名词，此时，可换用“介词+which”。当前面没有地点名词、时间名词时，我们不可用 “介词+which”来取代where 连接的从句，因为此时的 where、when 从句乃名词性从句或状语从句。 Where the reef ended, there was a sharp drop to the sandy ocean floor There was a sharp drop to the s
