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1、溧水职教中心综高部高三英语讲学稿 虚拟语气 执笔人：wxj第 1 页 共 7 页课题： Grammar 课型：新授 姓名：_ 班级:_【学习目标学习目标】1To understand the meaning of . subjunctive moods. 2To master the usages of subjunctive moods . 3To develop studentsinterest in learning English. 【学习重点学习重点】To master the usages of subjunctive moods . 【学习难点学习难点】To do exercis
2、es related to the grammar 【课时安排课时安排】one period 【学习过程学习过程】一、课前准备：一、课前准备：1Read the notes about the subjunctive moods in the studentsworkbook ahead of time.(提前阅读二轮复习的练习册) .2通过预习，你对虚拟语气有了哪些了解？还有哪些方面存在疑问？_二、课堂学习二、课堂学习 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓 语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从
3、句溧水职教中心综高部高三英语讲学稿 虚拟语气 执笔人：wxj第 2 页 共 7 页主主语语 should/would/could/ might动动词词原原形形If 主主语语动动词词过过去去式式 should动动词词原原形形 were to动动词词原原形形与与将将来来 事事实实相相 反反主主语语 should/would/could/ might+have+过过去去分分词词If 主主语语had +动动词词过过去去分分词词与与过过去去 事事实实相相 反反主主语语 should/would/could/mig ht+动动词词原原形形If 主主语语动动词词过过去去式式与与现现在在 事事实实相相 反反主
4、主句句的的谓谓语语形形式式条条件件从从句句的的谓谓语语形形式式例句：例句：1.If I had money, I would buy the book. 2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened. 5.If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. 6
5、.I think we could do it, if we planed it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.注意：1)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它 所表示的时间来调整。例如:If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。)
6、2)以上句型可以转换成下列形式:从句省略 if,用倒装句式“were,had,should+主语“。例如:Were I in school again,I would work harder. Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come.用介词短语代替条件状语从句。例如:Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your h
7、elp.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句1)“wish+宾语从句“表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜“、“就好了“、“悔不该“、“ 但愿“等。 表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;溧水职教中心综高部高三英语讲学稿 虚拟语气 执笔人：wxj第 3 页 共 7 页表示将来不能实现的愿望,用“would(could)+动词原形“; 表示过去不能实现的愿望,用“had+过去分词“或“(could)would+have+过去分词“。 例如:I wish we could go to the seaside today. I wish you told me earlier. We wish we
8、had arrived there two hours earlier.2)虚拟语气在动词 arrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,request,require,suggest，advise 等后面的 宾语从句中,用“(should)+动词原形“。例如:I suggested that the meeting (should)be put off. The doctor ordered that she(should)stay in bed for a few days. They demanded that the black
9、people should be treated as well as white people.注意:insist 作“辩解”；“力言”（和主语自己有关）时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当 insist 作“坚持(别人应该)“解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。Suggest 为 “暗示，表明 ” 意思时不用 虚拟语气。 Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. I insisted that you give me my money back.3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句作 advice,idea,order,demand,plan,p
10、roposal,suggestion,request 等名词的表语从句和同位语 从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形“。例如:We all agreed to his suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing for sightseeing. My idea is that he (should)do exercises first.4.虚拟语气用于以 as if(as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+ 过去分词“;表示与将来事实相反,
11、谓语动词用“would(might,could)+动词原形“。例如:He looked at me as if I were mad. He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.It looks as if it might rain.但 as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设 想为真实的。例如:It looks as if our side is going to win.5.虚拟语气用于主语从句在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构
12、用“should+动词原形“的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、 理应如此等。例如:溧水职教中心综高部高三英语讲学稿 虚拟语气 执笔人：wxj第 4 页 共 7 页It is necessary(important, natural, desirable, advisable, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day. It was a pity(a shame, no wonder ,etc.)that you should be so careless. It will be desired(suggested, decide
13、d, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.在上述三种主语从句中,should 意为“应该“、“竟然“,可以省去,但不可换用 would。主句所用动 词的时态不限。注意:这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表示惊奇,就可用虚拟语气。反之,如果不 表示惊奇,that 从句也可用陈述语气。例如:It is strange that he did not come yesterday. It is a pity that you cant swim.6.虚拟语气
14、用于定语从句这种从句常用在“It is(high)time(that).“句型中,定语从句的谓语动词用过去式,或“should+动词 原形(should 不能省略,be 用 were)“来表示,意为“(现在)该“。例如:Its time that I went and picked up my little girl from school. It is high time we were going.7.虚拟语气用于 if only 引导的感叹句:If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好了。If only I were a bird!我如果是一只鸟就好了。8.虚拟语气在 would rather 后接从句:Id rather you paid me now.(从句用过去时指现在) I would rather they came tomorrow.(从句用过去时指将来) 三、课堂总结三、课堂总结 1.虚拟语气用于条件_从句2.虚拟语气用于_从句3.虚拟语气用于_从句、_从句 4.虚拟语气用于以_引导的表语从句或状语从句5.虚拟语气用于_从句6.虚拟语气用于_从句7.虚拟语气用于_引导的感叹句:8.虚拟语气在_后接从句:溧水职教中心
