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1、 1 语法填空-连词关系词剪辑 从结构来说，英语句子中，除了谓语之外，其它的成分均可以由从句或者非谓语动词来充当。从功 能来说，英语有三大复合句，即：名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句； 定语从句；状语从句。非谓语动词可以有自己的时态和语态(过去分词除外)，也可以有自己的逻辑 主语、宾语、状语等成分，构成一个非谓语动词短语。由于非谓语动词和从句的这些特点，使英语句子 从理论上讲可以无限延长。 类型一：复合句和并列句 有些句子较长，有时甚至出现一个从句套另一个从句环环相扣的情况，从句与从句之间的关系可能 包孕、套嵌，也可能并列、平行。 例如 1：(2007 年广东卷)“Cu
2、rsing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _32_ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house ” 注解： 全句是一个由 when 连接的并列句，并列连词 when 意为“就在这时”。前一分句前有作状语的 现在分词短语 Cursing my mis
3、fortune，分句中还有 where 引导的宾语从句；在第二个并列分句中含有 that 引导的宾语从句，而宾语从句中又有一个由 who 引导的定语从句，修饰 villagers；在这个宾语从句中的 复合介词 as to (至于) 后还接有一个宾语从句。32空 要填的词是引导宾语从句且在从句中充当主语，指 人，所以答案为 who。 例 2：(2009 佛山二模)In Japan，for example，it is normal for the woman to send chocolates to the man, _37_ in Korea April 14th is known as “B
4、lack Day” and is when the unfortunate men who received nothing on Valentines Day gather to eat noodles and show sympathy for each other 注解：因 In Japan, it is与 in Korea April 14th is两句之间没有连词或分号应当填连词，两句之间是对比 关系，故填并列连词 while。在后一分句中 when 引导表语从句，在表语从句中主语 the unfortunate men 后 接定语从句 who received nothing on
5、 Valentines Day，而 gather to eat noodles and show sympathy for each other 是并列谓语。 类型二：复杂修饰成分 句子本不难，但是修饰成分多且长。在同一个句子里既有从句又有介词短语或非谓语动词短语，且都不 止一个。 例 3：(2009 茂名一模) In Indonesia, where Obama lived _35_ a child, hundreds of students at his former elementary school erupted in cheers when he _36_ (declare) wi
6、nner, pouring into the courtyard _37_ they hugged, danced in the rain and chanted “Obama! Obama!” 注解：这个句子的主句为 hundreds of students erupted in cheers。这个句子修饰语很多：地点状语 In Indonesia，后跟 where 引导的非限制性定语从句，对 Indonesia 起补充说明作用；由 when 引导的时间 状语从句；现在分词短语 pouring into the courtyard 作状语，后跟 where 引导的定语从句，定语从句中 有三个
7、并列的谓语动词。(答案：35. as 36. was declared 37. where) 例 4：(2009 肇庆质量检测) Being very short of money and wanting to do something _32_ (use), I applied, fearing as I did so, that _33_ a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 注解： 这个句子的主句为 I applied。前面两个并列的现在分词短语 Being
8、 very short of money and wanting to do something _32_ (use)，做原因状语；后面一个现在分词短语 fearing 作伴随状语，fearing 后跟 as 引导的状语从句和 that 引导的宾语从句；在 that my chances of getting the job were slim 这个宾语从句中， 两个并列的介词短语 without a degree and with no experience of teaching 在宾语从句中作原因状语。(32. useful 33. without) 类型三：分隔结构 有些句子将语法关系
9、密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来。考试中出现较多的是先行词与 定语从句的分隔，主语与谓语的分隔。 例 5：(2007 年广东卷) “While she was getting me _34_ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my Car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers away _36_ there was a garage.” 由 36空(where)引导的定语从句与先行词 a
10、small town 之间被 some 20 kilometers away 分隔开了，对 解题造成一定难度。(34. settled 35. a 36. where) 例 6：Some are young people _37_, for one reason or another, have left home and have nowhere to live. 主句为 Some are young people。先行词 young people 后接定语从句，其中充当主语的关系代词与从句 的谓语被 for one reason or another 分割。 例 7：(2008 广州二模)
11、But the lives of the ancient people who once lived around the lake and 31 culture was thought to be 2 highly advanced, have long remained a secret. 句子的主干是 the lives of the ancient people have long remained a secret. 在 the ancient people 后面带有 两个定语从句，一个由 who 引导, 另一个由 whose 引导，主句的主语与谓语之间隔着两个定语从句。(31. w
12、hose) 巩固练习 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 1.(2009 年广东卷)Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not _33_ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or _34_ (push)you with their elbows(肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain 2.(2009 广州一模)The boy, who had remained silent and dee
13、p in thought on the journey home, _34_ (reply) in a way that shocked his father. 3.(2009 广州一模)He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night stars to give them light_35_ his family had only expensive lanterns.4.(2009 汕头一模)38 he was discouraged or faced difficult problems he would open the box, ta
14、ke out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child_39_ had put it there. 5.(2009 广州调研)From that day the cat, _40_ never finished and lost his place on the calendar, became the enemy of the rat. 6.(2008 深圳一模)All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful
15、girl, _35_ smile just melted me _36_ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of _37_ life is all about. 7.(2008 佛山二模)They broke through two glass doors, _36_ (run) to the museums top floor and grabbed the two paintings from different rooms, somehow _37_ (avoid) nearby guards. 8. But each tim
16、e you try something，you learn，and_39_ the learning piles up，the world opens to you. 9. He got some odd bits of cloth, _38_ (make) two rolls with them, and had his ears plugged with the two cloth rolls. 10. Many of them have had a serious disagreement with their parents and have left home, _38_ (choose) to go to a city and li
