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1、1 -ane 烷 -ene 烯 -yne 炔 -ol 醇 -one,ket-酮 -ose 糖 -yl 基 ald-, -aldehyde,-al 醛 cyclo-环 phen-,benz-苯 hydro- 氢,水 nitro- 硝基 thio-, sulf- 硫 cyan-青色,氰基 -ase,zym- 酶 amyl- 戊基,淀粉 acet- 乙酰 acyl- 酰基 ester-酯 -ate盐,酯 -ide化物 amin-氨,氨基 hydroxy(l)-羟基 carboxy(l)- 羧基 phen-,benz-苯 benzene fluor-氟 fluorine chlor-氯 chlorin
2、e brom-溴 bromine iod-碘 iodine carb-碳 carbon hydr- 氢 hydrogen oxy-氧 oxygen nitr-氮 nitrogen sulf-硫 sulfur phosph-磷 phosphorus natr-钠 natrium;sodium kal-钾 kalium;potassium calc-钙 calcium silic-硅 silicon magnes-镁 magnesium arsen-砷 arsenic bor- 硼 boron bar-钡 bariummercur-汞 mercury chrom-铬 chromium arg-银
3、argentumsider,ferr- 铁 ferrum;iron ferro-铁 2+ ferri- 铁 3+ furan 呋喃 tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃 thiophene 噻吩 pyrrole 吡咯 thiazole 噻唑 isothiazole 异噻唑 imidazole 咪唑 pyrazole 吡唑 oxazole 噁唑 isoxazole 异噁唑pyridine 吡啶 piperidine 哌啶 pyrimidine 嘧啶 pyrazine 吡嗪 piperazine 哌嗪indole 吲哚 purine 嘌呤 quinoline 喹啉 isoquinoline 异
4、喹啉 hemi-, semi- mono-, haplo-,hen-, uni-1 di-, bi-,duo-,bis- 2 tri-, triplo-, ter- 3 tetra-, quarto-, quadri- 4 meth-甲 eth-乙 prop-丙 but-丁 penta-戊,5 hexa-己,6 hepta-庚,7 octa-辛,8 nona-壬,9 deca-癸,10 undeca,hendeca 11 dodeca 12 trideca 13 tetradeca14 pentadeca 15 octadeca 18 nondeca 19 eicosa 20 heneicos
5、a 21 docosa 22 tricosa 23tetracosa 24 nonacosa 29 triaconta 30 tetraconta 40 pentaconta 50 nano- 纳,毫微, 10 -9 micro- 微, 10 -6milli- 毫, 10 -3 centi- 厘, 10 -2 deci- 分, 10 -1deca- 十,10 1 kilo- 千, 10 3 -liter 升 meter 米 gram 克microliter micrometer microgrammilliliter millimeter milligramdeciliter decimete
6、r decigramnanoliter nanometer nanogramcentiliter centimeter centigramdecaliter decameter decagram kiloliter kilometer kilogram methyl methane methanol methanal,formaldehyde ethyl ethane ethylene,ethene ethanol ethanal ethyne propyl propane propylene, propene propanol propanediol propanetriol propana
7、l propanedial propanone,acetone propyne cyclopropyl cyclopropane cyclopropene butyl butane butylene,butene butadiene butanol butanediol butanal butanedial butanone butanedione butyne cyclobutyl cyclobutane cyclobutene cyclobutadiene cyclobutanone pentyl pentane pentylene,pentene pentadiene pentenol
8、pentanol pentanediol pentanal pentanedial pentanone pentanedione pentyne pentanediyne pentose cyclopentyl cyclopentane cyclopentene cyclopentadiene cyclopentanone hexyl hexane hexylene,hexene hexadiene hexatriene hexanol hexanediol hexenol hexanal hexanedial hexanedione hexose cyclohexyl cyclohexane
9、 cyclohexene cyclohexadiene cyclohexanone chlorethylene nonose heptaldehyde octadecane trichloromethane triiodomethane triethylamine 3-hydroxybutanal bromobenzene 2-aminopyrimidine 2-acetylfuran tetrahydrofuran 3-methylpyridine 5-ethylthiazole N-methyl-2-hydroxyimidazole 3-amino-5- bromophenol 1,3-c
10、yclohexanediamine 2-methyl-2-nitropropane o(m,p)-aminobenzaldehyde2 calcium carbonate 碳酸钙 sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠 argentum nitricum 硝酸银 silver nitrate monopotassium phosphate 磷酸二氢钾 arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷 boric acid 硼酸 borate 硼酸盐 barium sulfate 硫酸钡 magnesium oxide 氧化镁 silicane 硅烷 silica 二氧化硅 potassium
11、chromate 铬酸钾 mercury bichloride 氯化汞 potassium ferrocyanide 亚铁氰化钾 ferric oxide 氧化铁 pharmaceutical adj 药的,药用的;制药的;药学的 n 药品,药剂 pharmacy 药房, 药学, 药剂学, 调剂学 pharmacist 药剂师,调剂员,药商 pharmaceutical analysis 药物分析 pharmacochemistry 药物化学 pharmaceutics 药剂学,制药学 biopharmaceutics 生物药剂学,生物制药学 pharmacology 药理学 pharmaco
12、gnosy 生药学 pharmacodynamics 药效学 pharmacokinetics 药物动力学 pharmacopoeia 药典 ChP(the Chinese pharmacopoeia) 中国药典 BP(the British pharmacopoeia) 英国药典 a-,an- 无,没有 amorphous 无定形的 aprotic solvent 无质子溶剂 ab-从,离开 abarticular 非关节的,关节外的 -ac .的 bronchial 支气管的 -ar.的 articular 关节的 -ary.的 ciliary 睫状的 -eal.的 esophageal 食管的 ic .的 hepatic 肝的 ous.的 mucous 黏液的 abdomin-腹 abdominoscopy 腹腔镜检查法 abdominalgia 腹痛 acar- 螨虫 acaricide 杀螨虫的,杀螨剂 acet-乙酰,醋 acetic 醋酸的 acetokinase 乙酰激酶(kin-动+ase 酶) aceton- 丙酮基 acetonuria 丙酮尿 acetyl-乙酰基 acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱(chol-胆汁+ -ine 生物碱) acus- 听觉 paracusis