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1、高三英语语法：冠词 冠词的基本用法 一、不定冠词的用法 1不定冠词有 a ，an 两种形式，a 用在第一个音素为辅音音素时( 注意：不是辅音字母)； an 用在第一个音素为元音音素时(注意：不是元音字母) 。 如： a university，a useful animal ，a one-eyed dog，a European car ，an honest boy， an X-ray， an ugly man ， an honor，an 800-word-long composition 等。 2表示 one，the same ，a certain 或 every 的意思。如： They are
2、 of an age (=of the same age) HiToma Mr Smith is waiting for you outside.(=a certain) 3有些不可数名词如 knowledge，collection ，understanding 等是由其动词转化而来，它们 后面加 0f时，前面需用不定冠词 aan.如：Her new book is a collection of short stories Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class4有些不可数名词在习惯使
3、用中须加不定冠词。 1抽象名词+aan 表具体 They had a good time at the party. 2动词转化成名词 take a break, have a rest, go for a walk/swim. 3患病 have a fever, catch a bad cold, have a headache /toothache/ stomachache 4同源宾语 live a.life, die a.death, dream a.dream 高三英语语法复习：冠词（二） 二、定冠词的用法 1用在姓氏复数前，表一家人。如：The Chens are going to
4、move to Langfang 姓陈的一家要搬到廊坊去。 2用在年代、朝代名词及逢十的数词( 表某个年代) 前。 如：the Tang Dynasty，the Spring and Autumn Period ，in the 1990s3用在表单位的名词前。如： I have hired the car by the hour我已按小时租车。 Eggs are sold by the dozen鸡蛋论打卖。 4. 表上文提到的人或物 I bought a book yesterday. The book is very interesting.5. 表示说话人和听话人都知道的人或物 Give
5、 me the book, please. 6. 用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前the sun, the earth, the moon, the capital, the sky, the universe 但在 in nature（在自然界）, in space（在太空）等短语中，nature 和 space(表示“太空”意思）前通常不用冠词。 7. 形容词最高级前 He was the first to speak against slavery. 8. 用在介词短语，分词短语，或定语从句的名词前。 The man speaking at the meeting is our teach
6、er. The computer John bought yesterday is made in New York 9. 用作名词的方位词前通常用定冠词，用作副词则不用。eg. in/on/to the south/north/east/west of . on the left/right 10. 形容词或分词前用定冠词可表示一类人或事物。 eg. the rich, the poor, the young, the old, the living, the wounded, the beautiful 11 . 表示地理名词的专有名词前通常用定冠词。这样的名词有：江、河、海洋、山脉、岛
7、屿、海湾、海峡等。the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Alpes, the Pacific, the English Channel 12. 在句型“动词+sb+介词+the+身体某一部位”中的 the 不可用人称代词代替。如：take sb by the arm/ hand 抓某人的手臂 13用在某些固定词组中。如：in the morning the next morning all the year roundthe other day 不久前的某天 =a few days ago make the most of in the daytim
8、e by the dayin the end in the habit of not in the least(=not at all)in the distance in the way 挡道 on the wholeon the right left on the other hand at the same time at the moment go to the cinema theatre go to the doctors on the radiophone for the time being 暂时 by the way to tell the truth out of the
9、question 不可能 高三英语语法复习：冠词（三） 三、零冠词的用法 1不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。如：(1) He likes to talk on the phone while I prefer writing _ letters. (2)Water is changed into _ steam by heat and into _ ice by cold. (3)_ water in the well is sweet.2请牢记下列用零冠词的口诀：月、季、星期、节假、洲，呼语、头衔、职务前； 三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。 A year can be divid
10、ed into four seasons，spring，summer，autumn and winter一年可以分为 四季-春、夏、秋、冬。 MrLi is chairman of the meeting 李先生是本次会议的主席。 have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner *但若强调某一年的某一季节或月份时应用冠词 in the spring of that year I met him on a Monday last month. at Christmas, on National Day, Childrens Day, Womens Day 但在中国的那些传统
11、节日的名称前通常用定冠词。 the Spring Festival, the Dragons Day, the Mid-Autumn Day 在街道、广场、公园、大学等名词前一般不用冠词。 Nanjing Road, Wangfujing Street, Beihai Park, Qinghua University. 3系动词 turn(变成) 后的单数名词作表语，用零冠词。Has he turned scientist? 他成为科学家了吗? 4. 称呼语之前不加冠词: Waiter,bring my bill,please. 5. 家庭称谓 如父母兄弟之前不加冠词 Father is ou
12、t, but mother is at home. 6.“零冠词+单数名词+as though+主语+谓语” ，意为“虽然尽管；但是” 。 Hero as he is ，he has some shortcomings 虽然他是英雄，他也有缺点。 8在独立主格结构的某一形式中。如： The teacher came in，book in hand. =with a book in his hand =holding a book in his hand=a book held in his hand 10与零冠词连用的短语： pen and ink master and senrant on
13、second thoughts come to light come to power(=take office)give birth to in case of come rank inst in use under repair father and son from morning till night by mistake by law on board ahead of time hand in hand face to face in use dangerpublic in debt husband and wife sun and moon by weight by mistak
14、e in place of side by side shoulder to shoulder arm in arm day and night every few days ahead of timestep by step from top to bottom from morning till nightfrom beginning to end catch fire catch sight ofcome to light 被发现 watch TV / on TV every few dayscome / rank first at noondawndaybreak dust nightmidnightout of work/ controldate temper patiencemind moneyquestion reachbreathdanger 有些个体名词表示抽象意义时前不用冠词. in prison, in hospital, go to church, in town, by hand, by radio, go to college, go to bed, at school, in pencil. 四 冠词易混点 1、抽象名词具体
