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1、1测震台站智能隔离防雷系统的设计与实现孙宏志，雷晨，卢山，赵龙梅， 孙恺微，刘一萌，高业欣（辽宁省地震局，辽宁 沈阳 110034）摘要：本文介绍了一种测震台站智能隔离防雷系统的设计实现。其电源部分设计为步进电机控制双电瓶交换充电、放电，保证本设备与交流市电完全隔离；信号传输部分设计为通过无线局域网（WLAN）将测震信号传输到网关，而后再通过有线网络进行数据传输。此设计的好处是使我们测震核心设备与市电和外线完全物理隔离以达到最好的防雷效果。同时制作先进的 NEMS 传感器用于检测空间电磁场的变化，根据相应算法判断当地是否发生雷电，在有附近雷电发生时可控制断开信号线、市电等达到保护相关仪器的目的
2、。关键词：测震台站；隔离防雷；纳米机电系统；无线局域网The Design and Achievement of the Intelligent Seismic Stations Isolating Lighting Protection System Sun Hong-zhi, Lei Chen, Lu Shan, Zhao Long-mei, Sun Kai-wei, Liu yi-meng, Gao ye-xin(Seismological Bureau of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110034,China)Abstract: To salve the
3、problem that the seismic stations instruments are very easy to damage by the lighting, we developed a special reliable intelligent equipment that is used for seismic stations to avoid other seismic equipments damage from lightning. This paper introduces the principle and design of the Intelligent se
4、ismic stations isolating lighting protection system.技术线路：硬件方面以单片机为硬件核心，用工业 GPRS 模块作为通信桥梁进行信息交互，WIFI 模块作为数据传输通道，磁电纳米机电系统传感器为电磁场（雷电）检测探头。系统用非易失数据存储器件存储设置参数：通过步进电机控制信号线的通断和电源的切换；以太网网络模块用于接收数据采集器发出的测震数据；WIFI 无线模块用于将测震信号发送给无线路由，然后通过有线线路将测震数据传送回监测中心。监测中心人员也可通过 GPRS 模块对台站设备进行远程操作。First of all, we use the s
5、ingle chip microcontroller as the core of the system used for calculate and control other chips or hardware. Secondly, industrial GPRS module used as a communication bridge for information translated from remote seismic station to the seismic net monitoring center. Thirdly, WIFI modules function is
6、as the data path between our system and local wireless router. Fourthly, Technical route: hardware with the single chip processor as the core, the hardware with industrial GPRS module information interaction, as a communication bridge for the WIFI module for data transmission channel, magnetoelectri
7、c nano electromechanical system sensor probe for electromagnetic field (thunder) detection.System using nonvolatile data storage device storage Settings: by stepping motor control signal on and off and the power switch;Ethernet network module is used to receive data collector ride from the data;WIFI
8、 module used for vibration signals sent to the wireless router, and then ride over a cable line data transfer back to the monitoring center.Monitoring center staff through GPRS module for remote operation station equipment.The power part is that the stepping motor controlling double storage batterie
9、s charging and discharging. This can make our equipment isolating with AC power. Seismic data are transmitted to gateway through WLAN, after that they will be transmitted through the cable network. The design makes seismic important equipment 2isolate with AC power and signal wire. It is effective l
10、ightning protection. At same time, advanced NEMS sensor was designed. The sensor is used to detect the lightning through the charge of the electromagnetic field. If it has some lightning near the seismic station, we can control the equipment disconnect the signal wire and the AC power to protect sei
11、smic equipment. Keywords: Seismic station；Isolating lightning protection；Nano Electro Mechanical System (NEMS)；Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) 电源部分设计为可以通过步进电机控制管理两路独立的电瓶组，工作模式为两组电瓶循环通过本仪器对后端设备供电，一组电瓶供电时另一组电瓶充电；信号传输部分设计为通过 WLAN（无线局域网）将测震信号传输到网关，而后再通过有线网络进行数据传输。同时通过 NEMS 传感器实时监测空间电磁场的变化，在检测到附近有雷电发生
12、时可以将监测状况信息发送到监测中心，并可随时接收监测中心传来的控制信息，通过步进电机控制交流电源和信号线的导通和断开。此设计的好处是使我们测震核心设备与市电和外线完全物理隔离以达到最好的防雷效果（实现真正实时有效的躲避避雷） 。同时通过雷电监测电路可实时监测附近是否有雷电发生，雷电发生时可远程控制 220V 市电和信号线的物理断开以达到与市电和外部信号线完全物理隔离的状态。同时设计上内部直流部分设计为 12V 开关电源和 12V 电源模块互为备份；交流输出设计为双路逆变 220V 输出相互备份；以减少由于电源故障引起的信号断记。此设备的研制成功，可很好地解决台站易断电、直流 12V 电源易损坏
13、、有线传输方式偶尔出现故障和雷击等实际问题。Power part of the design can be achieved by stepper motor control the battery of two independent groups, working model for the two sets of battery cycle through the instrument to the back-end equipment power supply, a set of battery power when another set of battery charging;Si
14、gnal transmission part of the design through the WLAN (wireless local area network), the transmission of vibration signal to the gateway, then through the cable network for data transmission.At the same time by NEMS sensor real-time monitoring the change of space electromagnetic field, there is thun
15、der and lightning occurs near the detected monitoring status information can be sent to the monitoring center, can receive at any time and control information from the monitoring center, by stepper motor control ac power and signal conduction and disconnect.The benefits of this design is the core th
16、at we ride equipment and mains and exterior physical isolation completely in order to achieve the best effect of lightning protection (true real-time effective avoid lightning protection).At the same time through the thunder and lightning monitoring circuit can occur near real-time monitor whether there is thunder and lightning, lightning occurs can remote control 220 v mains and physical and disconnection of the line in order to achieve with the mains and the external signal state of
