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1、2007.5Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50 points)It took nine years from the time the Danish and Swedish governments agreed to build a fixed link between their countries to the time the first car, train, truck and bicyclists crossed the Oresund Bridge.Construction of the bridge, including des
2、ign and cornerstone, began in March 1991 and was completed in July 2000. Today, it is the longest stone-stayed road and rail bridge in the world. At approximately 10 miles (16 kilometers), including the tunnel, it is an engineering and architectural marvel. But as time has proven, the bridge is a cu
3、ltural and economic boon as well. The sleek span of concrete whose design typifies Scandinavian minimalism has contributed greatly to the development of the Oresund region: the eastern part of Denmark, including Copenhagen, and the southwestern part of Sweden, including Malm and Lund.The level of co
4、mmuting between Malm and Copenhagen has quadrupled since the opening of the bridge in 2000, and the number of Danes moving to the south of Sweden has increased sixfold. The Oresund region has become a cultural and economic powerhouse, considered a model region by the European Union.Work on the bridg
5、e began in 1995, and was undertaken by a team of international consulting and construction companies.From the beginning, construction of the bridge complied with some of the worlds toughest environmental regulations, as well as many advanced design and construction details. The Mexico-based CEMEX, o
6、ne of the worlds largest producers of Cement and ready-mix concrete, was awarded a contract to deliver tons of high-quality cement to help build the main part of the bridge, the two approach bridges and the tunnel.When it opened in July 2000, the Oresund Bridge consisted of a 3.5-kilometer immersed
7、tunnel, the largest of its kind in the world, a 4-kilometer long artificial island (made from mud dug out from the bottom of strait to make space for the tunnel) and a 7.8-kilometer cable-stayed bridge, the worlds longest bridge including both a highway and a railroad.Though just half of the total c
8、onstruction, the actual bridge span, is visible above water, the overall architecture was designed to please the eye from both the Danish and Swedish sides of the strait.The four 204-meter (670 feet) tall pillars carrying the bridge have a simple Scandinavian design. To drivers and passengers crossi
9、ng the bridge, the pillars provide a visual, as well as actual, impression of stability and calm. The two-level structure is made of steel and concrete. Along tile two approach bridges, tracks are piaced in concrete troughs that turn into steel decks on the bridge. The bridges upper deck carries car
10、s and trucks, while the lower deck accommodates the railroad. The four pillars are grounded in giant cement boxes placed at the bottom of the strait, about 18 meters below sea level.Last year, an average of 13,600 vehicles and 17,000 passengers crossed the bridge everyday, and traffic continues to i
11、ncrease by 10-20 percent every year.Throughout the construction process, the Danish and Swedish environmental agencies have surveyed but found no changes in the wildlife, birds, fish and vegetation surrounding the bridge. In addition, the chemicals used in construction and the percentage of waste ma
12、terials have been kept to a minimum, as required by both Danish and Swedish laws.In 2003, the Oresund Bridge won the IABSE (International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering) Outstanding Structural Award for its innovative design, planning and construction management, as well as its st
13、rict compliance with the time schedule, budget and environmental requirements.Section 2： Chinese-English Translation (50 points)能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。纵观人类社会发展的历史，人类文明的每一次重大进步都伴随着能源的改进和更替。能源的开发利用极大地推进了世界经济和人类社会的发展。过去 100 多年里，发达国家先后完成了工业化，消耗了地球上大量的自然资源，特别是能源资源。当前，一些发展中国家正在步入工业化阶段，能源消费增加是经济社会发展的客观必然。中国
14、是当今世界上最大的发展中国家，发展经济，摆脱贫困，是中国政府和中国人民在相当长一段时期内的主要任务。20 世纪 70 年代末以来，中国作为世界上发展最快的发展中国家，经济社会发展取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就，成功地开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，为世界的发展和繁荣作出了重大贡献。中国是目前世界上第二位能源生产国和消费国。能源供应持续增长，为经济社会发展提供了重要的支撑。能源消费的快速增长，为世界能源市场创造了广阔的发展空间。中国已经成为世界能源市场不可或缺的重要组成部分，对维护全球能源安全，正在发挥着越来越重要的积极作用。Section 1 ：英译汉参考译文从丹麦和瑞典政府同意在两国之间建立固定通道第
15、一辆汽车、火车、卡车和骑自行车人穿过厄勒海峡大桥花费了九年的时间。 厄勒海峡大桥的建造，包括设计和奠基，开始于 1991 年 3 月，于 2000 年 7 月竣工。现如今，它是世界上最长的石质公路和铁路，桥长约 10 英里（16 千米） ，包含隧道，它是工程学和建筑学方面的奇迹。但是经过时间的证明，这座桥也对文化和经济大有裨益。混凝土的圆滑跨度代表了斯堪的纳维亚极简主义的设计，这为厄勒海峡丹麦包含哥本哈根的东部地区以及瑞典包含白垩土和伦德的西南地区的发展做出了巨大贡献。自 2000 年厄勒海峡大桥开通以来，白垩土和哥本哈根之间的通行数量增长了三倍，迁居到瑞典南部丹麦人的数量增加了六倍。厄勒海峡
16、地区已经成为文化和经济中心，被欧盟认定为是模范地区。这座桥于 1995 年开工，由一个国际咨询和建筑公司小组接手。 从一开始，这座桥的建造就依照了一些世界上最严格的环境法规，还有许多先进的设计和建造详情设于墨西哥的西麦斯公司是世界上最大的水泥和预拌混凝土生产商之一，它签署了一份合约，要运送数吨高质量的水泥去帮助建造这座大桥的主要部分以及两条引桥和隧道。 当厄勒海峡大桥在 2000 年 7 月开放时，它包含一条 3.5 千米长的隧道和一座 4 千米长的人造岛屿（由从海峡底部挖掘出来的泥浆制成，为建造隧道留出空地）以及 7.8 千米的斜拉索桥，该隧道是世界上同类型中最大的，该斜拉桥索是世界上包含高速公路和铁路在内的最长桥。虽然总建筑只有一半桥跨是水上可见的，但是整个的建筑是为了使海峡边的丹麦和瑞典人们赏心悦目的。四根承载着桥身的高达 204 米（670 英尺）的柱子是斯堪的纳维亚设计的典型。对于穿过这座桥的驾驶者和行人而言，这些柱子给人一种可见而真实的平稳印象。 这一双层结构是用钢和混凝土建造的。两座引桥以及轨道建于混凝土槽内，该槽延伸到桥
