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1、水轮机焊接部件火焰矫形的讨论（中英文）摘要:本文根据多年经验,结合国内外机组相关资料,阐述水轮机主要焊接部件结构变形的主要种类,介绍焊接变形的火焰矫形的施工方法。Abstract: this paper based on years of experience, combined with domestic and foreign units related information, this turbine main welding parts structure deformation of the main types, introduces construction method of
2、 welding deformation of flame straightening.关键词:水轮机;火焰矫形;焊接变形Key words: hydraulic turbine; Flame straightening; Welding deformation目前,大型水轮机部件已经大量的采用焊接结构。而水轮机主要焊接部件是由座环、顶盖、底环等部件组成。这些构件在制作过程中都存在焊接变形问题,如果焊接变形不予以矫正, 则不仅影响结构整体安装,还会降低工程的安全可靠性。At present, the large turbine parts have a lot of welding struc
3、ture. And turbine main welding parts consists of seat ring, the top and bottom ring parts. These artifacts welding deformation problems in the production process, if the welding deformation is not corrected, http:/ / http:/ not only affect the structure of the overall installation, would also reduce
4、 the safety and reliability of engineering.焊接水轮机部件产生的变形超过技术设计允许变形范围,应设法进行矫正,使其达到符合产品质量要求。实践证明, 多数变形的构件是可以矫正的。矫正的方法都是设法造成新的变形来达到抵消已经发生的变形。Turbine parts from the welding deformation is more than technical design allows the deformation range, should try to to correct, to conform to the requirements of
5、the quality of the product. Practice has proved that most of the deformation of the component can be correct. Correction methods are trying to cause a new deformation to achieve offset has happened.在生产过程中普遍应用的矫正方法,主要有机械矫正、火焰矫正和综合矫正。但火焰矫正是一门较难操作的工作,方法掌握、温度控制不当还会造成构件新的更大变形。因此,火焰矫正要有丰富的实践经验。本文对水轮机部件焊接变
6、形的种类、矫正方法作了一个粗略的分析。Correction methods in general use in the process of production, the main have mechanical correction, flame straightening and comprehensive correction. But the flame correction is a more difficult operation work, improper control, temperature control also creates new bigger deforma
7、tion. Therefore, flame correction http:/ http:/ should have rich experience in practice. In this paper, a correction of welding deformation type turbine components, method makes a rough analysis.1 水轮机部件焊接变形的种类与火焰矫正1 the kinds of welding deformation and flame straightening turbine parts水轮机部件的主要构件是焊接
8、H 型结构( 如座环)、箱体结构( 如顶盖,底环)、支撑结构。焊接变形经常采用以下三种火焰矫正方法:(1)线状加热法;(2)点状加热法;(3)三角形加热法。下面介绍解决不同部位的施工方法。The turbine parts of main component is welded H structure (such as seat ring), enclosure structure (such as roof, bottom ring), support structure. Welding distortion often use the following three methods of
9、 flame correction: (1) linear heating method; (2) dot heating method; (3) triangular heating method. To solve different parts of the construction method is described below.以下为火焰矫正时的加热温度(材质为低碳钢)Flame correction for the temperature (is made of mild steel,低温矫正 500度600度 冷却方式:水Low temperature correction
10、cooling way: 500 600 degrees of waterhttp:/ / http:/ 600度700度 冷却方式:空气和水In 600 700 degrees temperature correction cooling: air and water高温矫正 700度800度 冷却方式:空气High temperature correction 700 800 degrees cooling: air注意事项:火焰矫正时加热温度不宜过高, 过高会引起金属变脆、影响冲击韧性。16Mn 在高温矫正时不可用水冷却,包括厚度或淬硬倾向较大的钢材。Note: flame correc
11、tion when the heating temperature is unfavorable and exorbitant, become fragile, too much can cause metal impact toughness. 16 mn in high temperature correction is water cooling, including the tendency of hardenability thickness or larger steel.1.1 座环环板及顶盖、底环盖板的上拱与下挠及弯曲1.1 seat inside board and the
12、top plate, bottom ring under the arch and the torsion and bending一、在座环环板及顶盖、底环盖板上,对着纵向焊缝, 由中间向两端作线状加热,即可矫正弯曲变形。为避免产生弯曲和扭曲变形, 两条加热带要同步进行。可采取低温矫正或中温矫正法。这种方法有利于减少焊接内应力,但这种方法在纵向收缩的同时有较大的横向收缩,较难掌握。A, here inside board and the top and bottom ring plate, to the http:/ http:/ longitudinal weld, from middle
13、to both ends of line heating, bending deformation can be corrected. In order to avoid bending and torsion deformation, two tropical to synchronize. Can take corrective or medium temperature correction method at low temperature. This method is beneficial to reduce welding stress, but this method at t
14、he same time of longitudinal contraction have larger transverse contraction, more difficult to master.二、座环环板及顶盖、底环盖板上作线状加热,在固定导叶或肋板上作三（版权声明：本文转载自论文网在线()，版权归原作者所有。 ）角形加热。用这种方法矫正座环环板及顶盖、底环盖板的弯曲变形,效果显著, 横向线状加热宽度一般取2090mm,板厚小时,加热宽度要窄一些,加热过程应由宽度中间向两边扩展。线状加热最好由两人同时操作进行,再分别加热三角形三角形的宽度不应超过板厚的2倍, 三角形的底与对应的翼板
15、上线状加热宽度相等。加热三角形从顶部开始,然后从中心向两侧扩展,一层层加热直到三角形的底为止。加热固定导叶或肋板时温度不能太高,否则造成凹陷变形,很难修复。2, seat inside board and the top, bottom ring linear heating cover, on the fixed guide vane or floor three (net of paper of copyright statement: this article reprinted from online (), all peer originator.) Angle of heating. Corrected by this method inside board and the top and bottom ring http:/ / http:/ of the bending deformation, the effect is remarkable, transverse linear heating width generally take a 20-90 mm, thickness, heat width is narrow, heat
