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1、高考英语语法突破-定语从句知识梳理(1)（一）基础讲解-在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。 由关系代词 which, that, who 与 whose 引导的定语从句。1、which 先行词是物，在从句中做主语或宾语。Please pass me the book which is lying on the table. (which 在从句中做主语)请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。This is the book which you asked for. (which 在从句中做宾
2、语)-这就是你要的书。2、that 先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语。Id like to see the films that are just on show.（that 在从句中做主语，代指物-我想看那些刚上映的电影。The woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.（that 在从句中做主语，代指人）正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。 3、who/whom 先行词是人，在从句中 who 做主语 whom 做宾语。This is the doctor who saved the boys life .（who 在从句中做主语）这就是救了孩
3、子生命的医生。Thats the girl whom I teach .（whom 在从句中做宾语）那就是我教的女孩。4、whose 先行词是人或物，在从句中做定语。The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard. (whose 在从句中做定语)母亲是老师的那位女孩学习非常努力。介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句The school in which he once studied is very famous.（=The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.）To
4、morrow Ill bring here the magazine for which you asked. （=Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.）This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.（=This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.） （二） 【基础过关】1、Look out! Dont get too close to the hous
5、e _ roof is under repair.A. whose B. which C. of which D. what 解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。house 与 roof 之间有所属关系，因此用 whose。答案：A2、Can you lend me the magazine about _ you talked yesterday?A. whose B. which C. that D. 解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。先行词是 magazine，在从句充当宾语，因此用 which 答案：B3、The person to_ you just talked is Mr. Bla
6、ck.- A. whom B. who C. which D. That-解析：这里 whom 做 talk to 的宾语，先行词是人，所以用 whom。答案：A注意：含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。三） 【能力提高】1、It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year-A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both
7、of which解析: which 指代的是 that two schools。 答案：D2、We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _ we gave some bells and glasses.A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with whic 解析:one of them,指人且在从句中做宾语，当把介词提前，指人时应该用 whom，故正确答案为 B，本题用了 give sth. to sb.的结构。答案:B3、 Do
8、 you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes，theres one point _we must insist onAwhy Bwhere Chow D/解析: 先行词 point 在从句中作 insist on 的宾语。关系词只能是关系代词，并且作宾语时可省略，故选 D。答案: D高考英语语法突破-定语从句知识梳理(2)基础讲解1、关系代词 that 和 which 的区别只能用 that 的情况- 如果先行词是 all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none，fe
9、w 等不定代词时；- All the people that are present burst into tears.Everything （that）you saw in the film was not true.(2) 如果先行词被 all ,little none any, only, few, much, no, some, very 等词修饰时； I read all the books （that）you gave to me.This is the only money that I have in my pocket.(3) 如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或者先行词是
10、最高级时；This is the first book that was written in English.This is the best film that I have ever seen.-(4) 如果先行词被 the only ,the very , the same ,the last 修饰时；This is the only book that I really like.He was the only person in the office that was invited to the ball.(5) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用 that，而不用
11、 who, which；They talked about the school and classmates that they could remember.(6) who ,which 开头的特殊疑问句中，关系代词用 that Who is the person that is standing there?Which of us that knows English doesnt know this? (7) 当主句 “there be ” 开头时，关系代词要用 that 引导的定语从句修饰该句型的主语。 There are four desks in the middle of th
12、e office that are used for the teachers只能用 which 的情况- 非限制性定语从句中。Beijing , which is chinas capital, is rich in culture.介词后只用 which。This is the room in which he lived.The chair on which he is sitting is made of wood.（二）基础过关 The only place_ Ive ever visited since I came here is the Beijing Zoo.-A. that
13、 B. which C. where D. What- 解析：先行词被 the only 修饰，只能用 that 引导定语从句 答案：A2、They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remember in the school.A. who B. which C. that D. Whose-解析：题干中先行词是 things and persons，既有人又有物，所以用 that。 答案：C3、 Im sorry that I dont know much about American films, because
14、this is the first American film _ I have ever seen.-A. which B. that C. what D. as 解析：考查定语从句，先行词前有序数词修饰，只可用 that 引导。 答案：B4、Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him-A. who B. that C. what D. which解析：这是非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个句子，因此选择 which。 答案：D（三）能
15、力提高-1、I saw a woman running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction _ she had come.A. of which-B. by which- C. in which D. from which 解析:此题考查介词关系代词引导的定语从句。come from“来自”；come in“ 进来”；come by“ 得到”。 此处的 from which可换成 where 答案:DThe schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs_ they are being trained-A. in that B. for that-C. in which D. for which 解析:句意为：校方人员自己承认并非所有的孩子都会在他们被培训的工作中获得成功。先行词是 children ，train for sb.所以选 D。答案:DDo you still remember the cold winter night_ we
