[英语学习]英语连词知识点总结

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1、1英语连词知识点总结一、并列连词并列连词用来连接平行对等(即互不从属)的词、词组或分句。按照并列连词在句子中的作用可分为:并列关系,转折关系,选择关系,因果关系。基本并列连词如 and, or , but , 关联连词如 either.or , neither.nor , not only.but also,both .and, whether.or 等;介于并列连词与从属连词或介词之间的结构如 as well as , as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等;此外还有些半连接词,一些语法学家把它们称为连接副词,如 neverth

2、eless, however, meanwhile, otherwise, likewise 等,在句中做连接性状语。这类连词主要是从逻辑上,而不是从形式上连接句子,其关系比较松散。并列关系的连词有:and, bothand, not onlybut also, as well as, andas well, notnor, neithernor 等。1. and 的基本用法是表示并列和对称关系。例 4 He sang and played the guitar. 他一边唱歌一边弹吉他。(1)两个对等的宾语或状语之间,在肯定句中用 and,但在否定句中,不用 and,一般用 or 或 nor。

3、例 5 Our college is not in Beijing or Shanghai. 我们的学院既不在北京也不在上海。(2)当一个句子中出现了两个否定词时,应该用 and 连接并列成分。这时 and 表示的也是全部否定。例 6 He did not talk loudly and also not clearly. 他说话声音不大,也不清晰。(3)and 用来连接条件分句和结果分句,意思是“,那么” 。当两个并列成分本身都是否定时,也要用 and 连接,and 在这种情况下,仍然表示全部否定。(4)在 come, go, run, hurry up, stay, stop 等动词后,a

4、nd 能用来代替省略 to 不定式引导的目的状语。例 7 Would you go and tell the children to shut up? 你能告诉孩子们别再说话了吗?注:有时 and 后可用第三人称单数或过去式。例 8 He went and had a drink with us yesterday. 昨天他来了,和我们喝了点酒。用在 try, wait 等后,也有类似的用法,但只能用它们的原形。例 9 Try and get some water. 尽量拿点水来。(5)祈使句 + and 表示结果。例 10 Lets give him some help, and he wi

5、ll be able to improve in his studies. 咱们帮帮他,他一定会提高他的学习成绩。(6)and that ( or those),而且 其作用是补充前面所说的话,以达到强调的目的。用来代表前一分句的全部或一部分。例 11 He speaks English, and that very well. 他会说英语,而且说的很好。(7)at once and 既 又例 12 The novel is at once interesting and instructive. 那部小说既有趣,又有教育意义。2. both and 连接两个平等的成分,避免用两个以上的平等的

6、成分。例 13 A man should have both courage and perseverance. 一个人应该既有勇气又有毅力。3. not only but also有时 but 或 also 可省略,not only 位于句首要倒装。例 14 He is not only handsome but also clever. 他不仅英俊潇洒,而且聪明。4. as well as 相当于连词,其意为 in addition to ,and also,besides 等。as well as 的侧重点在前,强调语气较强。连接两个名词时,谓语动词要与第一个名词相一致。例 15 He

7、as well as I agrees with you. 他和我一样都同意你的观点。例 16 His parents as well as he are very kind to me. 他的父母和他都对我很好。25. neithernor 它们可单独使用,位于句首时要倒装。例 17 Gases have neither definite size nor shape of their own. 气体既没有大小,也没有形状。例 18 I can neither speak nor write French. 我既不会说也不会写法语。转折、对比关系的连词有:but, however, neve

8、rtheless, yet, while, still, whereas, onlybut , nevertheless, likewise, anyway , only , conversely , on the contrary, by this time, all the same , fortunately, on the other hand , in the meantime 等。1. but 用作连词,意为但是、可是或然而,表示语义的转折。例 19 She was tired, but she still went on working.她很累了,但她仍然继续努力工作。2. Ho

9、wever 用作连接副词,相当于 no matter how,引导让步状语从句,意思是“不管怎样”“无论如何” ,具体结构有以下两种:(1) however+形容词+主语+系动词例 20 However rich people are,they always seem anxious to take more money.无论人们有多富裕,他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。(2) however+副词+主语+谓语例 21 However fast he runs,he cant catch up with us.无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。3. nevertheless 然而,不过例 22 He

10、 is charming; nevertheless, I dont quite trust him. 他很有魅力,然而我不太相信他。4. yet 用作转折连词时,意思是“然而、可是” 。例 23 She has her weakness, yet that does not mean she is not qualified for the job. 她有她的缺点,然而那并不意味着她不胜任这项工作。5. while 意为“而,然而”,表示转折。例 24 He went out, while I stayed at home. 他出去了,而我呆在家里。6. still 强调过去发生的事情及存在

11、的状况目前还在延续。例 25 We have made some achievements, still we should be modest and prudent. 我们取得了一些成绩,但我们仍须谦虚谨慎。7. whereas 意为“而,然而”连接两个对等的句子。例 26 He is ill, whereas I am a little tired. 他病了,而我有些累了。例 27 You may go, only come back early. 你可以去,只是要早点回来。选择关系的连词有:eitheror, whetheror, or, rather than,otherwise 等

12、。1. eitheror 作为选择连词,一般用来连接句子中的同等成分,如名词、动词、介词短语等。但有时也可见到前后不一致的情况。例 28 You may either stay here or go with us. 你可以留下来,也可以跟我们一起走。2. whetheror 作“是还是”解时,whether 表示一种选择,其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。例 29 Please tell us whether to go or stay. 请告诉我们是走还是留下来。3. rather A than B 连接两个并列的成分表示宁愿,后面常用动词原形。例 30 I would rather rea

13、d than watch television. 我宁愿读书而不愿看电视。34. or 在并列结构中,or 通常用于否定句。表示选择的并列结构中 or 意思为“否则” 。例 31 Which would you rather do go walking or go to the movies? 你愿意去散步还是去看电影?因果关系的连词有:so, for, therefore, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently,thus, on that account, in that case 等。1. so 表示“因此” “所以”,连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,

14、后一分句表示结果。例 32 It was late, so we went home. 天晚了,所以我们就回家了。例 33 He was angry, so he could not speak. 他很生气,连话都说不出来了。2. for 为并列连词,连接两个并列的分句,表示附加的或推断的理由。例 34 I could not visit you, for I felt unwell yesterday. 我昨天感觉不舒服,因此没能拜访你。3. therefore 因此,所以。例 35 He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties wer

15、e increased. 他的身体垮了,因此他的困难比以前增加了。4. hence 因此,从此,表示原因,理由。例 36 The town was built on the side of a hill; hence ( comes) the name Hillside. 这个小镇建在山边,于是命名为山边。5. consequently 结果,从而,因此。例 37 It rained three days in succession, and consequently all the bridges were swept away. 一连下了三天雨,所有的桥都被冲走了。其它并列连词常见的有:

16、as well as, more than, rather than, no less than 等. (1) as well as 表示 同 和 也 的意义as well as 用作并列连词时它意义相当于 not only.but also, 但侧重点在后一并列成分上而 as well as 侧重点却在前一并列成分上 ,A as well as B=not only B but also A. (2) more than 表示而不是之意. (3) rather than 表示 而不是 之意.(4) no less than 表示 同 . 一样 之意. 当 as well as ,more than, rather than, no less than 连接两个成分作主语时谓语动词应于第一个成分的数相一致. 在使用并列连词时我们应该注意: (1) 并列连词不可以连用. (2) 有些连接性状语副词可以和某些从属连词对应使用. (

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