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1、1 INTRODUCTIONEnergy and life are closely related. We have to admit that we are facing an unprecedented energy crisis. It is an urgent task that we develop and use new energy. At present, nuclear energy is an important leading role in the development of new energy. Nuclear energy comes from fission
2、and fusion. Fission has been widely used in the field of power generation. The nuclear power station has more than 400. As the nuclear fusion reaction requires a very high temperature, so the realization of nuclear fusion is very complicated and very difficult. But there are two major advantages of
3、nuclear fusion: One is that nuclear fusion does not produce long-term and high levels of nuclear radiation, the other one is the nuclear fusion materials more than nuclear fission materials on the earth. According to the current world energy consumption, it can let the human use for 10 billions year
4、s that the earth has the nuclear fusion energy. Now, we are faced with how to control the process of nuclear fusion and how to use the heat to generate electricity. Once these complex technical problems are solved, the entire worlds energy problem will be solved thoroughly. The developed countries c
5、ontinue to invest a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to study and develop it because of the long-term significance of nuclear fusion.2 DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND OF CONTROLLED NUCLEAR FUSIONNuclear fusion released a great energy and people did not stop it from the beginning of
6、 the 50s in twentieth Century. The ultimate goal of nuclear fusion is not to make a hydrogen bomb. The long-term goal is the peaceful use of nuclear fusion. 2.1 Nuclear fusion reactionThe nuclear fusion fuel is light atoms, such as hydrogen isotope deuterium and tritium. Under certain conditions (su
7、ch as high temperature and high pressure), the nuclear of atoms interact with each other and form a new reaction of heavy nuclei. There is loss of mass. So there is a release of energy in the reaction. As shown in figure 1.Fig 1. nuclear fusion reaction. It describes the fusion reactionThe equation
8、reaction is as follows when deuterium and tritium has fusion reaction: MeVnHeTD6.17042The mass of the reactants is more than the mass of the product from this reaction equation. And the reaction takes place with a mass loss, which is converted to 17.6MeV energy in the middle of the process. The cont
9、ent of deuterium is very rich on the earth. 1L of water contains 0.03 grams of deuterium. Our earth has 1.3 billion and 86 million cubic kilometers of water. It contains energy. These energies are enough for us to J31047.use ten billion years.2.2 Controlled nuclear fusionThe explosion of a hydrogen
10、bomb is primarily nuclear fusion. But it is the high temperature and high pressure environment produced by the atomic bomb explosive. Then the deuterium and tritium had a nuclear fusion reaction, and released a great energy. But the explosive energy of this moment is not controlled. If we can contro
11、l the energy released by the fusion, and use it to social Research and development of controlled nuclear fusionE-mail:Abstract: This paper tells the development of controlled nuclear fusion energy at the first. Then it analyzes the definition and the main research methods and the problems of control
12、led nuclear fusion. Magnetic confinement fusion and inertial confinement fusion are two main research approaches in the study of controlled nuclear fusion. This paper explains the principle of magnetic confinement fusion firstly. Then it analysis the working principle of tokamak. It also analyzes th
13、e development of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion in China. In the inertial confinement fusion, the paper firstly explains the basic principle of the method. Then this paper introduces the development of the NIF device in American and SG engineering in nuclear fusion research in China. People sti
14、ll insist on the study of nuclear fusion, people will be able to achieve controlled nuclear fusion in the future.Key Words: Controlled nuclear fusion; Magnetic confinement fusion; Inertial confinement fusionproduction and human life. Then we achieve controlled nuclear fusion. In “Spider Man 2”, the
15、energy used by Dr. octopus, is controlled nuclear fusion.2.3 Research way of controlled nuclear fusionFrom the last century 50s to now, people poured a lot of energy to study nuclear fusion. We still believe that there is still a long way to go before we achieve controlled nuclear fusion. Scientists
16、 estimate that we have to wait for more than 30 years before building nuclear fusion power station. In this study, people put forward various ideas and the construction of the device is also various. But from the current point of view, the way to controlling nuclear fusion is divided into two major categories: magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) and inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This paper will introduce and analyze them in the third and fourth sections. However, bot
