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1、1九年级英语完形填空专项训练序言完形填空解题技巧指导一、完形填空题型概述完形填空是一种测试学生的英语语言知识以及运用这种语言综合能力的试题，与其他题型相比较，完形填空题更注重对文章内容本身的完整性、情节发展的逻辑性，以及前后语境相呼应的统一性的综合考查。完形填空是提高学生阅读理解能力的有效练习途径。一般情况下完形填空有两种类型：1综合填空题 也称非选择填空题或短文填空题。每空中有的给出待填词的首字母，有的则需根据相关提示完成待填词。常用来检测学生对短文、词汇的意义理解和单词的掌握以及句型的运用能力，是考查学生的观察分析能力和组织、运用语言能力的主要题型之一。2选择填空题也称完形填空。每空给出四
2、个选项，要求从这四个选项中为该空选出一个最佳答案。常用来检测学生对句子结构、词法运用、词语辨析、固定搭配和习惯用法等基本语言知识的运用能力。二、完形填空的解题步骤考生在做完形填空试题时，必须做到通篇考虑、掌握主题，根据上下文提供的语境进行推敲，运用自己对语法的掌握，对词的固定搭配及词义、词形、句型的了解，找出正确答案。在此给考生提供以下解题步骤及解题策略，以供参考。1阅读全文，弄清大意，在选择答案之前，依据首句的启示作用，跳过空格，不看选项，迅速通读全文，掌握文章的大意。在阅读的过程中，要充分注意推理判断的信息词和承上启下的关键词，了解文章主题以及细节事实，理清作者的写作意图。抓住文章主旨大意
3、去“完形” ，可避免思维中断，有利于提高“完形”的准确性。完形填空不同于单项选择题，切勿边读边填，否则很可能欲速而不达。 2边读边填，初步完成掌握了文章主旨大意后，参照选项，开始逐句细读，根据自己所学知识，从语法、习惯用法及词语搭配等方面人手，借助上下文语境，进行推理判断，初步选出语意和搭配均合适的最佳答案。这里要强调的是：阅读时要牢记文章的中心思想，每个空格的含义都要与前后句子联系起来理解，很可能文章的头几个空格提出的问题，要到读完文章的尾段后，才能最后判定其正确答案。3推理判断，解决疑难同一篇完形填空中，各题的难度差异很大。有的题目初读就能选定答案，有的题目则需反复推敲琢磨。做题时，先把较
4、简单的自己有把握的题目选上，把那些一时没有把握的题目先放一放，接着往下读，然后再回过头来选择。往往有这样的情况：前面的空白，会在下文中找到答案。选定好了一部分答案后，整篇文章的意思逐渐明晰，考生对文章的理解也会逐步深入，再加上合理的推理判断，综合分析，个别难题也就不难解决了。所以在选择答案时一定要前后照应，注意上下文的联系。要善于运用已有的知识、生活经验常识和逻辑推理等手段，借助上下文出现的事实和观点来确定和证实，使自己的选择有理有据。4.复核全文，消除疏漏填空完成后要复核全文，通过再次通读全文，检查是否上下连贯，全文的内容与结构是否完整，逻辑关系是否合理。如果某些地方意义含混或矛盾，就应重新
5、思考修补。另外，完形填空虽不是考查语法，但一篇文章不可能离开语法，因此，也需从语法角度检查一下主谓是否一致，时态、语态是否正确，名词的性、数、格是否一致，名词、形容词、动词等与介词的搭配是否妥当等等。总之，要尽2量减少疏漏。三、完形填空解题的三条原则根据以上解题步骤与解题策略，我们总结出以下三条原则：1先整体后局部原则正确的做法是快速跳过空格通览全文，力求对文章的整体意思有个大致了解，把握全局，为作出正确的选择奠定基础。2先易后难原则全文大意理解之后，本着先易后难的原则逐空试填。一时举棋不定的，暂且放一下，那些貌似很难的空格的最佳答案可能就隐含在下文之中。3前后呼应原则完形填空题的目的不是单纯
6、考语法，多数题目都是为了考查学生综合运用语言的能力。因此，必须选那些符合语法结构并能使上下文意义连贯的答案。同时，填空题的选项在很多情况下是利用内容的排斥性与语法的正确性之间的矛盾设置的。因此，解题时，不能只看只言片语断章取义，要联系上下文，不但要使前后句子连贯通顺，还必须借助常用的连词、副词和一些固定词组来判断、分析，确保语法结构(主谓一致，语态，从句的连接词，代词的性、数、格，动词的谓语、非谓语形式等)正确。四、完形填空常见解题失误分析1不通读全文，急于选答案有些考生认为通读全文费时费力，一拿到题目就急于选答案，边读边填，结果无法形成连贯的思路，做起题来反而速度慢，出错多。2受思维定势干扰
7、有些考生往往根据自己熟悉的词组句型而不是根据具体的语境去选择答案，结果使填充完整后的文章文义不通，在逻辑上不连贯。3不注意分析句子结构有些考生不注意分析句子结构，读不懂单句的含义，从而影响了对文章的理解，结果就选不出使全文文义通顺的答案。4习惯搭配掌握不熟。Passage 1An old friend was going to spend a few days with meHe called from the airport to tell me he lmd arriredI was not able to l the offieebut I had prepared for his ar
8、rivalAfter telling him my new 2 address，I told him that I had 3 the key under the doormat(门前的擦鞋垫)。I knew it would be quite late 4 I could get backHe could make 5 at home and eat any food that was in the refrigeratorTwo hours later he 6 me from the houseAt the moment，he said he was listening to some
9、of my 7 after having a nice mealHe had found the 8 and cooked some fish and had also helped himself 9 some juiceHe hoped I would 10 him soonI asked him if he had any diffculty in finding the houseHe answered the 11 problem was that he couldnt find the key under the doormat，but 12 ，the living-room wi
10、ndow by the apple tree was 13 and he had climbed in through the windowI listened to all this in great 14 There are no apple trees outside my windows，but there 15 only one by my neighbors house( )1A1eave Bclose Ckeep Dlock3( )2Aoffice Bhouse Cwork De-mail( )3Aforgot B1eft Cmissed Dshut( )4Aas Bwhile
11、Cbefore Dif( )5Ahim Bmyself Cme Dhimself( )6Avisited Basked Cwanted Dphoned( )7A books Brecords Csound Dcalls( )8Apan Bsugar Cfork Dfood( )9Aby Bfor Cat Dto( )10Asee Bagree Cjoin Dprotect，( )11Aterrible Bonly Cmost D。one( )12A1uckily B1uck Cbadly Dbad( )13Aawake Bopen Calone Dtidy( )14Ainterest Bple
12、asure Csafety Dsurprise( )15Ais Bare Cwas DwerePassage 2Today more and more people live in citiesSo there is usually little 1 in a city to grow foodMost of the land in a city is used for homes，shops， roads and parks Most food for city people is 2 in the countryside(农村)It is often brought to the city
13、 by trucks，trains and planesSome food even comes into the city by carsDo you live in a city?If you do，3 of all kinds of what you eat in a dayAll of the food comes from the countrysideThe wheat(小麦)for your 4 is grown on farms in the countryside，so are vegetablesWater is 5 thing that cities get from t
14、he countrysideEveryone needs water every dayWe use a little ofit for 6 But we use even more to 7 bathtubs(浴缸)，run showers(沐浴)，and wash streetsThe water used by cities comes mostly(主要地)from 8 .But people can not use the rain that 9 on citiesThe rain 10 dirty as it falls through dirty airOnce it hits
15、city buildings and streetsthe rain will 11 more dirt(尘埃)It is not good for drinking 12 bathing(洗澡)So cities must reach out to the clean countryside for water.There,the rain falls through 13 onto trees and grassThe fallen rain 14 into rivers and lakes.So it is important to 15 both cities and the countryside clean.( )1.A.room B.house C.rooms D.houses( )2.A.planted B.grown C.watered D.harvested( )3.A.hear B.think C.die D.make( )4.A.rice B.sweet C.bread D.suga
