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1、第六讲定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1which 指物， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。 2that 指人或物均可， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three 瘙 嚔 years before. 她带着这些游客参观了那座三年前建造的博物馆。 3限制性定语从句中， 关系代词只用 that 不用 which 的情况： (1)先行词为不定代词 all, anything, nothing, something, ever
2、ything, none, the one 等或被不定代词修饰时。 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone elses fault. 瘙 嚔 我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。 (2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词， 或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 瘙 嚔 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 (3)先行词被 the only, the very, the last
3、, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some 等修饰时。The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert. 瘙 嚔 这顿饭只有甜点是我爱吃的。 (4)先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。 They will never forget the things and persons that theyve seen or heard of during 瘙 嚔 their long journey. 他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。 4关系词
4、只用 which 而不用 that 的情况： (一句话口诀： 逗号后、介词后不可用 that)(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a Tshirt, which is a stupid 瘙 嚔 thing to do in such weather. 特德周末来时只穿着短裤和一件 T 恤， 这种天气穿这样的衣服有点傻。 (2)当从句中的介词提前， 构成“介词关系代词” 结构时。 We live in an age in which more information is available
5、with greater ease than ever 瘙 嚔 before. 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。 5who, whom 的用法：who 或 whom 均可指代人， 但 who 在从句中作主语或宾语， whom 在从句中作宾语； 两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用 that 替换。 作主语时， who/that 不可省略； 作宾语时， whom/who/that 可以省略。 Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school 瘙 嚔 who/whom/that I met in the Engl
6、ish speech contest last year. 我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的同校同学成了好朋友。 6whose 的用法：whose 表所属关系， 既可指人也可指物， 在从句中作定语。 指物时相当于 of which; 指人时相当于 of whom。 The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. 瘙 嚔 这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生， 放假时商店关门。 7as 也可以引导非限制性定语从句， 定语从句说明整个句子， 可放在主句之前。 常用的这种类似插入语的句式有
7、 as is said above, as is already mentioned above, as often happens, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper, such. as. , the same. as. 等。Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 瘙 嚔 像在我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。 关系副词引导的定语从句1where 表地点， 在定语从句中作地点状语， 相当于“介词 in/at/on. which” 。 A
8、 bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it 瘙 嚔 back when it begins to rain. 银行是在天晴之时借伞给你， 到了下雨时就催你还回去的地方。 2当先行词为 situation, case, stage, point, atmosphere 等抽象名词， 且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时， 常用关系副词 where 引导。 (2015浙江高考单项填空)Creating an atmosphere where employees fee
9、l part of a 瘙 嚔 team is a big challenge. 创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。 3why 表原因， 在定语从句中作原因状语， 相当于“介词 forwhich” 结构。 Do you know the reason why/for which he didnt attend the meeting? 你知道他没 瘙 嚔 参加会议的原因吗？ 在非限制性定语从句中， 常用 for which 表原因而不用 why。 I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeti
10、ng. 瘙 嚔 我把我没有去开会的理由告诉了他们。4when 表时间， 在定语从句中作时间状语， 相当于“介词 in/at/on/during. which” 结构。 (2014湖南高考单项填空)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can 瘙 嚔 read this book and know my feelings for her. 我正期待着那一天的到来， 那时我女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的感情。 单句语法填空1(2015四川高考单项填空)The books on the desk, _covers are shiny, a
11、re prizes for us. 答案：whose2(2016泰安二模)The work camp was mainly made up of teenagers_had given up part of their summer vacation to help others.答案：who/that3(2016湖南怀化一模)Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life_they arent content with their parents.答案：when4(2015安徽高考单项填空)Some experts t
12、hink reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.答案：which5(2016河北保定二模)First Jack was to draft the speech, _was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer.答案：which6A story I read two years ago, _ name I cant remember clearly, changed my idea about education.答案：whos
13、e单句改错1The little girl, whom was not little anymore, left home and went into the world.whomwho2When you get stressed, one of the first things which happen is that blood pressure rises.whichthat3Mrs. White is a teacher with rich teaching experience, from which much can be learned.whichwhom4The old wom
14、an often told her grandson the past days that she worked hard to make a living.thatwhen5After graduation she reaches a point in her career which she needs to decide what to do and she can do what she enjoys.whichwhere,学生用书 P269)单句语法填空1(2015全国卷语法填空)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists
15、 seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. 答案：that/which2(2014北京高考单项填空)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _my classmates recommended to me.答案：which3(2016福建龙岩质检)At the requests of some English learners, he has published a lot of books, one of_is about English idioms.答案：which4(2016唐山一中仿真模拟一)The richest of these is Bill Gates, worth at least$76 billion, _made his money by starting the company M
