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1、 American history In the morning of October 12, 1492 Christopher Columbus, a native of genoa , Italy, set foot for the first time on the new continent America.This place was what Bahamas today. Which he named “Son Salvador” He named Native Americas as Indians because he believed he had arrived in In
2、dia, his intended destination. Columbuss discovery was only the first step for Europeans on the land that had already been inhabited by Native Americans for tens of thousands of years. But the seeds were sown for the birth of what would become a very powerful nation in the world in less than three c
3、enturies. The united states of America .Learning English Is difficult right? Perhaps it is more accurate to use the word America than English. Today, America is the super power in the world. To some extent, the center of the world that dominates the political, economic, cultural and other fields. It
4、s amazing that this enomous and powerful nation has been in existence for only over two centuries.Lets start our short but important journey into U.S history! The famous French writer and critic Andre Maurious once said: European history is the process by which the citizens took power from its power
5、ful state, but U.S history is the stste took power from its powerful citizens. In contrast to Europe where the citizens engaged in endless civil revolutions to establish democracy by recovering sovereignty from their rulers, in America ,the government recovered part of the power held by its strong-w
6、illed citizens, who had become accustomed to freedom in the new world to which they had immigrated to escape from persecution.After doing so, the government constructed a powerful nation. U.S. history is characterized by another trait. Other nations, for example, European nations, where have long hi
7、stories of over 1000 tears .these nations underwent the full spectrum of historical phases such as the slavery system, feudal system and capitalism, among others. However, U.S. history started with the opening of the capitalistic etc. Thus, a strong undercurrent of U.S. history is unbridled human eg
8、oism displayed through the capitalistic trait of pursuit of individual gaints and happiness. Human egoism has always prompted historical changes everywhere. But U.S. history differs from European history，as Europeans, at least superficially, emphasized culture, pride and dignity.Why in the world dos
9、e Columbus go west? We need to understand the situation in Europe around 1492 when Europeans were in search of a new route to India. Back then, just like nowadays, the way to riches was to make big profit form trade and commerce. But the biggest problem was in the transport of goods. Nowadays, of co
10、urse, goods are shipped at lightning speed by planes, trains and cargo trucks on expressways. Back then, however, there was virtually no road infrastructure. Winding roads were unpaved, and it took a lot of time and money to transport goods over mountains and across waters. At that time, transportin
11、g goods over land cost as much as much as 50 times more than transporting by ship.Shipping over waterways was much safer than shipping over land。 Ships also transport large volumes of goods, thus enabling the development of main trade. Because marine trade yielded such large profits, European countr
12、ies made enormous investments to develop their sea navigation skills and equipment. With compasses, astronomical observation and detailed marine maps, European marine further flourished. In particular, traders reaped enormous profits from trade with India and other parts of east. India spices, ginge
13、r and pepper, among other things, were introduced to the west only in 15th century became precious and costly commodities with much higher demand than supply. The price of these commodities from the east explosively increased day by day as they become a symbol of social statues. You can tell hoe pop
14、ular these commodities were by making a price comparison. Even if only one ship retuned from among 10 ships that set sail, a trader could still reap a 50-fold profit from his investment!The Italian city states that dominated the Mediterranean sea raked in the money through their monopoly of the east
15、ern trade, so imagine hoe envious the other European countries would have been!But Italys eastern trade through the Mediterranean sea eventually faced a roadblock. Constantinople (was change into Istanbul after being taken over) fell to Islam forces of the Ottoman Turk empire in 1453, as a result of
16、 which the eastern Roman Empire collapsed and Christians faced restrictions in entering the east. So, what will happens if demand far exceeds supply? Of course, price would skyrocket!But then what happens if the routes to the markets are blocked? Naturally, the center of European commerce shifted form the Mediterranean sea to the Atlantic ocean. Portugal was the first country that searched for a navigation route through the Atlantic ocean
