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1、1. Aspen Plus does not generate distillation curves for a stream containing 4 pseudo-components. Why?To generate a distillation curve, a stream must contain at least 5 pseudo-components of non-zero flow to generate distinctive data points at 10%, 30%, 50%, 70, 90%.Aspen 为什么不能生成一个物流中包含 4 个蒸馏点的虚拟组分的蒸馏
2、曲线？; o+ V6 f2 L答：生成一个蒸馏曲线，一个虚拟组分必须至少包含 5 个非零蒸馏数据，分别是：10%, 30%, 50%, 70, 90%2. For streams with significant amount of light components, the calculated Reid vapor pressure is usually off. Why is that? Are there any guidelines for using Reid vapor pressure?对一个含有大量轻组分的物流，为什么通常计算雷德蒸汽压通常会失败？是否有关于使用雷德蒸汽压的一
3、些指导？Reid vapor pressure is the absolute pressure exerted by a mixture (in pounds per square inch)determined at 100 F and at a vapor-to-liquid volume ratio of 4 (ASTM Method D 323). RVP is intended for characterizing the volatility of gasoline and crude oil, with a typical range of 1 to 20 psia. Out
4、of this range,the accuracy may be poor. Therefore, RDV should not be applied to very light or very heavy streams.雷德蒸汽压是一个混合物在 100F 温度和气-液比为 4 的时候的绝对压力（磅每平方英寸）。雷德蒸汽压是用于表征 1-20psia 范围内汽油和原油的相对挥发度。当超出这个范围后，准确性可能不佳。因此，雷德蒸汽压不适用非常轻或非常重的物流。3. How is the Reid vapor pressure calculated in ASPEN PLUS?在 Aspen
5、中怎样计算雷德蒸汽压？The Reid vapor pressure is vapor pressure of liquid at 100 F, as measured according to ASTM D-323 procedures. Aspen Plus simulates these procedures by a series of flash as follows:雷德蒸汽压是液体在 100F 温度下的蒸汽压力，按照 ASTM D-323 方法测定。i. Check if N2 or O2 is present; if so, determine their index valu
6、es.检查氮气或氧气存在，如果是这样，确定其指数值。ii. Setup to the ideal gas option-set (sysop0).设置理想气体设置选项（sysop0）iii. Calculate volume for AIR at 32 and 100 Degree F, 1 atm.计算体积空气在 32-100F，1 大气压下。iv. Determine bubble point pressure of the liquid stream at 100 F.确定液体在 100F 的泡点压力。v. Saturate the liquid with air at 32 degre
7、e F.饱和液体在空气中 32F。vi. Mix liquid with 4 vol% equivalent of air and flash at 100 F under constant volume.混合液体占有 4%空气体积并且在 100F 下定容闪蒸。vii. If calculated Reid vapor pressure. is greater than 26 psi repeat w/o air saturation.如果计算雷德蒸汽压，The Reid vapor pressure as measured by the ASTM D-323 differs from the
8、 true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small sample vaporization and the presence of water vapor and air. Reid vapor pressure is often used to determine the appropriate type of storage tank (cone roof or floating roof) for petroleum stocks with undefined components.雷德蒸汽压不同于样品的实际蒸汽压，因为一些微量组分蒸
9、汽压和水、空气的存在。雷德蒸汽压经常用来决定石油储存储罐的类型（锥顶罐、浮顶罐）。4. What is the difference between Prop-Set REIDVP, RVP-ASTM, and RVP?在 Prop-Set REIDVP, RVP-ASTM, and RVP 之间有什么不同？The Prop-sets REIDVP and RVP-ASTM are identical. Both are kept for upward compatibility, and can be requested like any other Prop-set. RVP, howev
10、er, is available only if you define a petroleum property curve for the Reid vapor pressure in the ASSAY.PROP-Curve form, by providing a table of Mid-Percent distilled vs. Reid vapor pressure values.Prop-sets REIDVP 和 RVP-ASTM 是一致的。他们都保持向上兼容性，并且能够接受任何 Prop-set 的请求。雷德蒸汽压是唯一可以得到的在你仅仅在assay 中定义一个石油蒸馏曲线时
11、。特性曲线形式，通过提供中间馏分雷德蒸汽压值。5. Aspen calculated API gravity is quite different from that of PRO II in some cases. What is the method used in Aspen Plus and what are the assumptions/limitations?Aspen 计算 API 度与 PRO II 是不同的。Aspen 中运用的是什么方法，采用什么样的假设或限制？The API Liquid Volume model implemented in Aspen Plus us
12、es the following eqution:Aspen 中使用的 API 液体体积模型如下：Vm = Xp Vp + Xr VrWhereV = liquid molar volume液体摩尔体积- X+ ?% k2 T R8 l3 W5 W; p/ N8 RX = liquid mole fraction液体摩尔分数 Y t8 |# s* z* ; T+ w hm = mixture混合物 7 S3 E ? Z! % ?+ |2 % S/ qp = pseudocomponents虚拟组分 7 z# o% M. j+ Vr = real components真实组分* |- N t;
13、n$ C2 M# X4 N9 kVp (for pseudocomponent liquid mixture) is calculated using a correlation based on API Figure 6A3.5 (API Technical Data Book, 4th edition).Vp（表示虚拟组分液体混合物）; Q$ G9 L W# w$ q8 jVr (for real component liquid mixture) is caculated by the mixture Rachett model.The variations in petroleum l
14、iquid density results are often caused by the number of cuts generated.石油液体密度结果的变化通常是由切割组分的数量导致的。Increasing the number of cuts or reducing the cut temperature intervals may improve the accuracy. Refer to Solution 103736 for more details.增加切割组分数量或则减少切割温度间隔可以提高准确性。参照 103736 可以得到更多的帮助。When multiple ass
15、ays are present, the way they are blended could also affect the liquid density calculation. The choices include generating:当多个 assays 混合时，切割数量也会影响液体密度的计算结果。同样会影响以下数据的计算结果：one common pseudocomponent set for all assays一个共同的虚拟组分集对所有的 assayone pseudocomponent set for each assay一个虚拟组分集对各自的 assaysome comb
16、inations of assays and blends一些 assay 和 blend 的组合Refer to Solution 103921 for more about one versus multiple pseudocomponent sets.6. How is assay broken into pseudo-components?怎样分析虚拟组分？Assay is broken into pseudo-components based on the number of cuts on the True Boiling Point (TBP) curve. 分析虚拟组分基于实沸点直馏曲线切组分的数量。The middle point of each cut is used as the boiling point of that cut.每个切割中间点作为这个切割组分的沸点。By default, Aspen Plus generates 40 pseudo-components usi
