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1、新目标八年级英语下学期备课笔记 8 下 1 单元词法 1. People will have robots in their homes. 人们家里将会有机器人。will 助动词，表单纯的未来。用于陈述句表“将，会”。e.g. I will (Ill) be 15 next month.下个月我就 15 岁了。Mr. Green will be back soon.否定句：wont = will not eg. He wont be back before 10.will 用于疑问句意为“会吗？”e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening?Will peop
2、le have robots?2. There will only be one country.将会只有一个国家。There will be 是 there be 句型的将来时。e.g. There wont be any paper money. （否定）Will there be less pollution? (疑问)Yes, there will./ No, there wont.There will be more people. (肯定) 常见错误：there will have3. I think there will be more / less pollution. 我认为
3、将会有更多 /更少的污染。fewer 与 less 及 more 表数量的用法。（1）few （形容词） “几乎没有，很少的”，修饰可数名词。其比较级、最高级为规则变化：fewfewerfewest。“a few”表示“一些”，“few”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例：a few days ago, for a few weeks, He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees. （2）little（形容词）“很少的，几乎没有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修饰不可数名词。其比较级、最高级为不规则变化：little lessleast 。“a l
4、ittle”表“一些”，“little”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。例：Theres little food left. We have to buy some. Theres a little water in the cup. （3）many“许多” ，修饰可数名词。 much“许多”，修饰不可数名词。many / much 比较级、最高级为不规则变化：many / much moremost。例：I have many magazines. She has more magazines. But he has the most. There will be more people on t
5、he earth in future. More and more students start to exercise more every day to keep fit. 4. in 与 after 的区别例句：Ill be back in half an hour. 我半小时后就回来.本句中的 in 作以后 解，不能用 after 代替。after 和 in 都可以表示 以后 的意思，其区别是：1）after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间以后，常用于过去时态的句子。例如：They started working after lunch. 他们是午餐后开始工作的。The film wa
6、s shown after the meeting. 电影是会议结束以后放的。2）in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。如：They will start working in half an hour. 他们将在半小时后开始工作。The film will be shown in 2 or 3 days. 这部电影将在两三天后上映。3）在某个特定的时间以后，after 也可用于将来时态的句子。例如：They will start working after 10 am. 他们将在上午 10 点以后开始工作。The film will be shown after 5
7、 oclock. 这部电影将于 4 点以后上映。4) “after+一段时间”或“一段时间+later” 表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后”。He went home after two days. 他两天后回家了。Three years later，she had a baby. 三年后，她生了一个婴儿。5. fall in love with 爱上fall in love with a girl 爱上一个女孩 fall in love with a country 爱上一个国家注 fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它与 feel（感觉）很像。fallfellfallen feelfel
8、tfelt.6alone adj.（只作表语） adv. 独自；单独 He was alone in the house 他一个人在屋里 。 I went to the movies alone，I felt lonely. 我独自去看电影了，我觉得很孤独。注 alone 表示“单独的，独自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容词时，只能在 be 动词或系动词之后做表语与 lonely 不同， lonely 表示 “孤独的，寂寞的”含有丰富的感情色彩.lonely 做形容词时，可做定语和表语。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村庄.7keep vt.& vi. keep 有好几个意思，在本
9、课中做 “饲养；喂养”讲，相当于 feed。keep a pet parrot 养一只宠物鹦鹉 feed a cat with fish 给猫喂鱼（1）保住；保留：Ill try my best to keep my job. 我要尽力保住我的工作。（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（这对我来说可是太难了）（3）保持（某状态）：Keep silent! 保持沉默！Keep top side up! 请勿倒放！（“保持上方朝上”不就是“请勿倒放”吗？）（4）继续；持续：They kept walking. 他们继续步行。8.That may not seem possible now
10、.那可能现在看上去不可能。seem 是连系动词,意为“似乎”“好像” “看上去”,用来表示说话人内心的有一定依据的推测判断或猜想其用法如下: 1. “seem(to be) +n(作表语)”,此结构中的 to be 可省略,但名词前一般应有形容词修饰例如: It seems(to be) the best answer. 这似乎是最好的回答 His father seems(to be) a kind man. 他父亲看上去像个和善的人 It seemed(to be) an interesting book. 这好像是本有趣的书 2. “seem(to be) + adj(作表语)”,此结构
11、中的 to be 也可省略 如果 to be 后面是 afraid, asleep, awake 等表语形容词 ,则 to be 不能省略例如: The green leaves seemed(to be) more beautiful after the rain. 绿叶在雨后显得更美 These girls seem(to be) very happy. 这些女孩子们似乎很高兴 The boy seems to be afraid of the teacher. 这男孩好像怕老师 3. “seem + 介词 like 和 in 引起的短语”, seem like 表示“看上去好像”, se
12、em in 表示“ 看起来处于状态”例如: Those boats seem like many ducks. 那些船看上去好像是很多鸭子 Mrs Brown seems in bad health. 布朗夫人看起来身体不好 4. “seem to do something(动词不定式作表语)”,这种结构的否定形式是“do/does/did + not + seem + to do something”或“seem + not + to do something”,其中的动词不定式多为一般式进行式或完成式例如: Tom seems to know everything. 汤姆好像什么都知道 T
13、hey seemed not to know each other. 他们看上去好像互不认识 It doesnt seem to be raining now. 天看起来不像在下雨 She seemed to be sleeping. 她好像在睡觉 Mary seems to have said so. 玛丽好像曾经这样说过 5.与代词 it 连用 ,构成“it seems/seemed that.”句式该句式相当于“从句的主语 + seem + to do”例如: It seems that his temperature is all right.(His temperature seem
14、s to be all right.)他的体温似乎正常 It seems that she is thinking. (=She seems to be thinking.) 她好像在思考什么 It seems that they have been on earth thousands of years.(=They seem to have been on earth thousands of years.) 它们似乎已在地球上生存了数千年 6. “there seems/seemed(to be).”意为“似乎有” 例如: There seems(to be) no answer to
15、the question. 这个问题似乎没有答案 There seems(to be) a mistake in these answers. 这些答案中好像有错误 注意： seem 与 look 的区别 : seem 和 look 的意思相同 ,但它们的着重点不同,用法有相同之处,也有一些差别 seem 指说话人内心的主观判断,而 look 则强调从所述事物外表上看得出的视觉印象 1. 两者后面都可接形容词名词动词不定式 to be 及介词短语例如: She seems/looks a nice teacher. 她看上去是个好老师 My mother seems/looks tired.
16、我母亲似乎很疲倦 The patient seemed/looked(to be) very ill. 那病人似乎病得很重 2. 两者后面都可接 as if 引导的表语从句,但 seem 的主语一般是 it,而 look 的主语可以是 it,也可以是其他的名词或代词例如: She looked as if she slept badly. 看她那样子仿佛没有睡好 下列几种情况下不能用 look 取代 seem: 1. seem 后面接动词不定式 to do 时例如: My father seemed to know the news. 我父亲好像知道这个消息 2. 在“it seems/seemed that.”句式中例如: It seem
